REACTIVITY AND PRODUCTIVITY OF ESTERIFICATION CATALYZED BY LIPASES IN BIOCOMPATIBLE NANO-SCALE ASSEMBLAGES

研究了脂肪酶催化脂肪酸酯化反应在生物相容性纳米级组合，即微乳液（反胶束）和微乳化有机凝胶体系中的反应性和产率。在以糖酯和聚甘油酯为生物相容性两亲体形成的微乳液体系中，测定了脂肪酶（米黑毛霉和delemar根霉）的最大反应速率与两亲体浓度和水浓度的关系。根据动力学参数对催化活性进行了评价。脂酶通过微乳液相与溶出水相接触回收。研究结果表明，这些体系是脂肪酶回收后的有效反应介质。在加入明胶形成的卵磷脂微乳化有机凝胶中，测定了固定化脂肪酶（念珠菌、黄毛霉、arrhizopus arrhizus和delemar Rhizopus）的最大反应速率与水、明胶和卵磷脂浓度的关系。通过计算有效因子，估计反应性是凝胶颗粒半径的函数。在间歇反应和连续反应中，固定化脂肪酶的活性在较长时间内保持良好，转化率较高。结果表明，该体系是脂肪酶催化脂肪酸酯化反应的有效固定化介质。微乳液的微观结构和性能通过电导率的测定研究了微乳液的微观结构和性能。微乳之间的相互作用随操作温度的变化而显著改变。电解质和酶对微乳液水相的增溶作用以及有机溶剂的种类不同，其相互作用也不同。

The reactivity and productivity of fatty acid esterification catalyzed by lipases were investigated in the biocompatible nano-scale assemblages, i.e. microemulsion (reverse micelle) and microemulsion-based organogel systems.1. Microemulsion systemIn the microemulsion systems formed by sugar ester and polyglycerol ester as biocompatible amphiphiles, the maximal reaction rate of lipases (Mucor miehei and Rhizopus delemar) was determined as a function of the amphiphile and water concentrations. The catalytic activity was evaluated in terms of the kinetic parameters. The lipases were recovered by contacting the microemulsion phase with a stripping aqueous phase. The findings show that these systems are an effective reaction media following the recovery of lipase.2. Microemulsion-based organogel systemIn the lecithin microemulsion-based organogels formed by the addition of gelatin, the maximal reaction rate of immobilized lipases (Candida rugosa, Mucor javanicus, Rhizopus arrhizus and Rhizopus delemar) was determined as a function of the water, gelatin and lecithin concentrations. The reactivity was estimated as a function of the radius of gel particle by calculating the effectiveness factor. In the batch and continuous reactions, the immobilized lipase activity was well preserved over a long period, and a high level conversion was attained. The findings show that this system is an effective immobilized media for fatty acid esterification catalyzed by lipase.3. Microstructure and properties of microemulsionsThe microstructure and properties of the microemulsions were investigated by measuring electric conductivity. The interaction between the microemulsions markedly changed by the operational temperature. The interaction differed with the solubilization of electrolytes and enzymes into the microemulsion water phase and the species of organic solvent.