Study of receptor and transporter of neruotransmitter in forensic pathology

谷氨酸是主要的兴奋性神经递质，并且该氨基酸的大部分通过位于突触周星形胶质细胞上的兴奋性氨基酸转运蛋白2（EAAT 2）从突触间隙移除。最近，有报道称，大鼠前脑缺血和甲基苯丙胺给药后，EAAT 2蛋白含量发生变化。我们计划展示EAAT 2在人脑中的免疫组织化学分布，并讨论其病理生理作用的意义。38例病例来自法医尸检。从大脑皮层、纹状体和海马中取样组织。EAAT 2的分布是很难确定的情况下，电气死亡。然而，在低温死亡的病例中观察到EAAT 2的连续和广泛染色。在几乎所有的窒息死亡，我们能够观察到EAAT 2的弱染色。在溶剂滥用的情况下，EAAT 2染色是连续和广泛的，如在低温的情况下，斑片状阴性区混合。这项研究清楚地显示了EAAT 2定位的差异，根据死亡原因。这些发现表明，EAAT 2染色的差异取决于死亡的原因和过程（病理生理条件）。

Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter and the greater part of this amino acid is removed from the synaptic cleft by excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2) located on perisynaptic astrocytes. Recently, it was reported that the EAAT2 protein content changed in rats following forebrain ischemia and administration of methamphetamine. We planned to demonstrate the immunohistochemical distribution of EAAT2 in the human brain and discuss the significance of its pathophysiological roles. Thirty-eight cases were used from forensic autopsies. The tissues were sampled from the cerebral cortex, striatum and hippocampus. The distribution of EAAT2 was difficult to identify in cases of electrical fatalities. However, continuous and extensive staining of EAAT2 was observed in cases of death from hypothermia. In almost all asphyxia death, we were able to observe a weak stain of EAAT2. In case of solvent abuse, EAAT2 staining was continuous and extensive as in the cases of hypothermia, and patchy negative zones were mixed. This study clearly showed the differences in EAAT2 localization according to the cause of death. These findings suggested that the differences in EAAT2 staining depended on the cause and course (pathophysiological conditions) of death.