Accelerated Stabilization of Waste Landfill by Activation of Microbial Functions

通过试验研究，评价了生物通风技术作为污染土壤原位生物修复技术之一，在促进垃圾处理填埋场稳定化方面的可行性。中试和/或实验室规模的垃圾填埋场反应器研究表明，生物通风的应用，即向废物堆输送空气，成功地将废物堆的条件从厌氧转变为好氧/微氧，大大刺激了本地好氧细菌种群，并加强了废物的好氧降解。适当控制废桩含水率的必要性（约为2）。建议通过循环渗滤液来刺激好氧菌群的代谢活动。垃圾的好氧降解促进了垃圾的沉降，也有效地改善了渗滤液和垃圾填埋气的质量。特别是采用生物通风与渗滤液循环相结合的方法，提高了垃圾堆中挥发物的降解、COD的去除和渗滤液中铵的硝化作用。渗滤液的生态毒理学分析表明，与传统的厌氧填埋相比，采用生物通风处理可显著降低渗滤液的致突变性和雌性激素性。生物通风对PHB和淀粉共混塑料等可降解塑料的生物降解也有促进作用。综上所述，生物通风技术在垃圾填埋场的应用可以提高垃圾填埋场的稳定性，大大缩短垃圾填埋场的管理周期。这也有助于减少垃圾填埋可能带来的风险。好氧填埋技术如生物通风技术的应用可能是克服现有填埋场主要问题的一种有吸引力的对策。

Experimental studies were carried out to evaluate the feasibility of application of bioventing techniques, which is one of the in situ bioremediation techniques for clean-up of contaminated soil, to accelerate the stabilization of waste disposal landfill. Pilot- and/or lab-scale landfill reactor studies indicated that the application of bioventing, i.e. feeding of air to the waste pile, successfully transformed the condition of the waste pile to aerobic/microaerobic from anaerobic, considerably stimulated indigenous aerobic bacterial populations, and enhanced aerobic degradation of the wastes. The necessity of proper control of the moisture content of the waste pile (approx. 50 %) by circulating the leachate was suggested in order to stimulate the metabolic activities of aerobic bacterial populations. The aerobic degradation of wastes enhanced the waste settlement and also effectively improved quality of the leachate and the landfill gas. Especially degradation of the volatile matter in the waste pile, removal of COD, and nitrification of ammonium in the leachate were improved by the application of bioventing coupled with circulation of the leachate. Ecotoxicological assays of the leachate clarified that the application of bioventing could considerably reduce the mutagenicity and estrogenicity of the leachate compared with the traditional anaerobic landfill. The bioventing was also effective for accelerating the biodegradation of some degradable plastics including PHB and starch-blend plastics. It may be concluded that the application of bioventing to the waste landfill can enhance the landfill stabilization and greatly shoten the period that is required for the landfill management. It may also contribute to the reduction of the possible risks cause by the waste landfill. Aerobic landfill operation like bioventing application could be an attractive counter measure for overcoming major problems of the existing landfill sites.