Optimal matches between clause-embedding predicates and their clausal complements

小句补语具有两个重要特征：(i)补语结构的特定谓词实例化；（ii）嵌入小句的谓词（=CEP）及其解释与补语小句中的材料的相互作用（=CC）。属性(i)涉及结构的实例化，如抬高、控制、抬高、重组和桥接现象；只有特定的cep子集出现在上述每种结构中。在某些csp的补语从句中，语气标记（如罗曼语中的虚拟语气）、“谐和情态”、依赖动词形态（不定式、分词等）、意义标记和骂人否定等方面都表现出了属性（ii）。这两个属性都指向项目的中心：CEP和它的补语子句之间明显的匹配需求。这里将有助于改善匹配的成分作为优化的实例：(a)在补语从句中添加只需要某些CEP的材料（例如，动词语气，情态）（自上而下的效果）和(b)由CC中的元素触发的CEP修改（例如，强迫）（自下而上的效果）。该项目的另一个重要方面是cep潜在的多义性/模糊性及其对各自小句补语属性的重要性（例如，西班牙语sentir：“sense”带有指示性，“be sorry”带有虚拟语气）。该项目的目标是通过多义词/模糊CEP来了解CEP与CC匹配的优化方向。该项目还将关注CEP堆叠递归结构中控制、提升、重构和桥现象的循环/非循环传播。该项目批判性地解决了循环优化对语法和语义交互的重要性。通过将特定CC类型理解为独立的循环域，出现了循环局部性的潜在问题：这些域的良好性取决于CEP的解释和其他属性（以及更高/扩展域中的潜在元素）。优化，即选择合适的CC候选者或CEP读数，不能在CEP和CC合并之前进行。该项目将初步探索是否可以通过最优性理论语法中语义表示的循环调整来解决这个问题。

Clausal complementation is characterized by two important properties: (i) the predicate-specific instantiation of complementation structures and (ii) the interaction of the clause-embedding predicate (=CEP) and its interpretation with material in the complement clause (=CC). Property (i) concerns the instantiation of structures such as raising, control, NEG-raising, restructuring, and bridge phenomena; only specific subsets of CEPs occur with each of the aforementioned structures. Property (ii) has been shown inter alia for the licensing of mood markers (e.g., the subjunctive in Romance languages), “harmonic modals”, dependent verb morphology (infinitives, participles etc.), logophoric markers, and expletive negation in complement clauses of certain CEPs. Both properties point to an aspect that will be central in the project: the obvious matching requirement between the CEP and its complement clause. The ingredients that help to improve that match are taken here as instances of optimization: (a) addition of material in the complement clause (e.g., verbal mood, modals) that is needed only with certain CEPs (top-down effect) and (b) modification of the CEP (e.g., coercion) triggered by elements in the CC (bottom-up effect). A further important aspect of the project is the potential polysemy/vagueness of CEPs and its significance for the respective clausal complementation properties (e.g., Spanish sentir : ‘sense’ with indicative, ‘be sorry’ with subjunctive). It is the goal of the project to learn more about the direction of optimization in the match of CEP and CC by looking at polysemous/vague CEPs. The project will also be concerned with the cyclic/non-cyclic propagation of control, raising, restructuring and bridge phenomena in recursive structures of CEP stacking.The project critically addresses the significance of cyclic optimization for the interaction of syntax and semantics. By understanding specific CC types as independent cyclic domains, a potential problem for cyclic locality emerges: the wellformedness of these domains depends on the interpretation and other properties of the CEP (and potentially further elements in the higher/extended domain). Optimization, i.e., the selection of suitable CC candidates or CEP readings, cannot take place before CEP and CC are combined/merged. The project will tentatively explore if this problem can be solved by cyclic adjustment of semantic representations in an optimality-theoretic grammar.