Development of hybrid bio-fuelcell system using biomass

为了有效利用生物质，对生物燃料电池系统进行了研究。在该工艺中，首先通过微生物纯培养或微生物群发酵生产氢作为燃料电池的直接底物，然后通过UASB和UAFP反应器等甲烷发酵将废水中产生的酸和醇转化为甲烷。首先寻找产氢效率高的兼性微生物，发现产氢肠杆菌HU-101是葡萄糖制氢的适宜微生物。这种细菌产氢取决于底物的氧化还原状态。底物氧化还原态越高，产氢量越高。该菌除产氢外，还产乙醇、2,3-丁二醇、醋酸盐和乳酸盐，可用于UASB反应器产甲烷。此外，还测试了这种氢-甲烷两阶段工艺是否适用于实际的生物质，如饲料和面包生产废弃物。实验结果表明，所开发的两阶段工艺确实适用于实际的有机废物。

In order to utilize biomass effectively, Bio-fuel cell system was studied. In this process, hydrogen which is direct substrate for fuel cell was firstly produced in hydrogen-acid fermentation by pure culture of microorganism or by microbial consortia, and then the produced acids and alcohols in wastewater was converted to methane by methane fermentation such as UASB aad UAFP reactor. At first, facultative microorganism that had high productivity of hydrogen was searched, and Enterobacter aerogenes HU-101 was found as the suitable microorganism for hydrogen production from glucose. Hydrogen production by this bacterium depended on redox state of substrates. The higher redox state of substrate gave, the higher hydrogen production. Besides hydrogen, this bacterium produced ethanol, 2,3-butanediol, acetate and lactate, which were able to be used for methane production with UASB reactor. Furthermore, It was tested whether this hydrogen-methane two-stage process would be applied to actual biomass such as gavages and bread manufacture wastes. As the results of several experiments, it was concluded that the developed two-stage process was really applicable to actual organic wastes.