Research of vancomycin resistant entercocci (VRE) of chickens and chicken farms, or hospitals in Thailand

(1)对日本分离的22株VanA型万古霉素耐药肠球菌（VRE）进行了表型和基因型检查。VanA抗性决定簇在22个菌株中的每一个中所携带的质粒上编码。其中8株分离自不同患者，11株分离自泰国进口鸡，3株分离自法国进口鸡。从患者中分离的3株菌株和从泰国鸡中分离的11株菌株在MIC为512 - 1024 μg/ml时表现出高水平万古霉素耐药性，在MIC为0.5 - 4 μg/ml时表现出低水平替考拉宁耐药性。与Tn 1546的vanS基因序列相比，这些菌株中的每一个在推导的VanS的N-末端区域中具有三个氨基酸取代，L50被转换为V，E54被转换为Q，并且Q69被转换为H。(2)在家禽养殖场（包括饲养场）中调查了万古霉素耐药肠球菌（VRE）， ...更多信息 2001年2月至9月期间，泰国的孵化场、肉鸡养殖场和屠宰场的鸡泄殖腔拭子和鸡肉。种鸡场和肉鸡场的样品为不同鸡场鸡的粪便，孵化场的样品为不同鸡场鸡蛋托盘的拭子，鸡肉样品为鸡肉。从35个种禽场的35份样品中分离出12份（35%），89个孵化场的89份样品中分离出28份（32%），45个种禽场的35份样品中分离出45份（35%），100个肉鸡养殖场321份样品中检出率为14.4%，296份屠宰鸡泄殖腔拭子样品中检出率为25%，532份鸡肉样品中检出82份（15.4%）。家禽养殖场进行了清理和戊二醛消毒。在家禽养殖场的处理后，VRE从35个种鸡场样品中的1个（2%）、89个孵化场样品中的4个（4.6%）、321个肉鸡场样品中的8个（2.5%）、296个泄殖腔拭子样品中的9个（3%）和532个鸡肉样品中的7个（1.3%）分离。这些结果表明，泰国许多家禽养殖场分离到了VanA型VRE，鸡肉在屠宰过程中受到了VanA型VRE的污染，通过对养殖场的清理和消毒可以降低VRE的分离频率。少

(1) Twenty-two VanA type vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) that had been isolated in Japan were examined for their phenotype and genotype. The VanA resistance determinant was encoded on a plasmid harbored in each of the 22 strains. Of the 22 strains, eight strains were isolated from different patients, eleven strains and 3 strains were detected from different samples of chickens imported from Thailand and France, respectively. Three of the strains that were isolated from patients and the 11 strains isolated from the Thai chickens showed high-level vancomycin resistance at MICs of 512 to 1024 μg/ml and low level teicoplanin resistance at MICs of 0.5 to 4 μg/ml. Each of these strains had three amino acid substitutions in the N-terminal region of the deduced VanS, L50 was converted to V, E54 was converted to Q, and Q69 was converted to H compared to the vanS gene sequence of Tn 1546.(2) Vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) were surveyed in poultry farms that included breeder farms, … More hatcheries, and broiler farms, and chicken cloacal swabs and chicken meats in slaughter house between February and September on 2001 in Thailand. Samples of breeder farms, and broiler farms were feces of chickens of different farms, samples of hatcheries were swabs of trays for eggs of different farms, and sample of chicken meats were chicken meats. VanA type VRE were isolated from twelve (35 %) of 35 samples of 35 breeder farms, twenty eight (32 %) of 89 samples of 89 hatcheries, forty-five (14.4 %) of 321 samples of 100 broiler farms, seventy-four (25 %) of 296 samples of cloacal swabs of slaughtered chickens, and eighty-two (15.4 %) of 532 samples of chicken meats. Poultry farms were cleaned up and disinfected with glutaraldehyde. After the treatments of poultry farms, VRE were isolated from one (2 %) of 35 samples of breeder farms, four (4.6 %) of 89 samples of hatcheries, eight (2.5 %) of 321 samples broiler farms, nine (3 %) of 296 samples of cloacal swabs and seven (1.3 %) of 532 samples of chicken meats. These results indicated that VanA type VRE were isolated in many of poultry farms in Thailand and chicken meats were contaminated with VanA type VRE in slaughtered processes of chickens, and the isolation frequency of the VRE could be decreased by cleaning up and disinfecting the farms. Less