Redaction and Tradition History of the Oracles concerning Egypt in Ez 29-32

虽然以西结书是当前希伯来圣经研究中非常关注的主题，但到目前为止，关于埃及的预言在以斯拉记29-32中的研究非常少。两个特别需要的研究是拟议项目的出发点：1）关于Ez 29-32的文学和编辑历史，迄今为止主要是对Ez 29-32的选定部分进行小规模研究。它们为文本语料库提供了一个漫长而复杂的文学史。什么是缺乏的，但是，是一个全面的历时性分析，检查以西结书29-32作为一个整体，并链接的结果与编辑和组成的以西结书的历史。2)先前对《以斯拉记》29-32章可能的古代东方背景的研究揭示了古代东方，特别是埃及传统的广泛参考，但几乎没有考虑到文本的历时文学史。虽然目前的文学史研究假设一个长期的传输和编辑以西结书，达到从第6世纪到希腊化时期，研究有关的传统历史背景的主题在以斯拉记29-32主要依靠的日期，在文本本身，假设其起源于上半年的第6世纪。然而，这种年代测定排除了先验的圣经外影响问题的一些潜在背景。因此，直到今天，研究一直专注于公元前3世纪和公元前2世纪的埃及材料，而来自埃及晚期的材料，特别是波斯和托勒密时期的材料，没有被考虑在内。当然，这不仅是由于对埃及神谕年代的假设，但部分原因也在于，所讨论的晚期材料只是最近才成为考古学研究的兴趣焦点。这里提出的研究项目解决了这些问题，并通过使《以斯拉记》29- 32详细调查的对象，交织的文本的历时文学史的研究和可能的埃及影响的研究。在这一点上，该项目在两个方面是创新的：一方面，圣经以外的影响的研究一直联系到文本的历时文学史。另一方面，也考虑到了最近才在生物学领域提供的新材料。因此，该项目也可以为以西结书的研究开辟新的途径。工作假设是，晚期埃及思想和传统的影响更大，特别是在埃及神谕的年轻文学层面上，部分甚至可以追溯到托勒密时期。

While the book of Ezekiel is the subject of great attention in current research on the Hebrew Bible, the oracles concerning Egypt in Ez 29–32 have been remarkably little studied to date. Two research desiderata in particular are the starting point of the proposed project:1) Concerning the literary and redaction history of Ez 29–32, there are to date mainly small-scale studies on selected parts of Ez 29–32. They suggest a long and complex literary history for the text corpus. What is lacking, however, is a comprehensive diachronic analysis that examines Ez 29–32 as a whole and links the results with the redaction and composition history of the book of Ezekiel. 2) Previous research on the possible ancient oriental background of Ez 29–32 has unveiled extensive references to ancient oriental, especially Egyptian, traditions, but has hardly ever taken into account the diachronic literary history of the texts. While current literary historical research assumes a long period of transmission and redaction for the book of Ezekiel that reaches from the 6th century up to the Hellenistic period, studies concerned with the tradition-historical background of the motifs in Ez 29–32 mostly rely on the dates given in the texts themselves, assuming their origin in the first half of the 6th century BC. This dating, however, excludes some potential contexts for the question of extra-biblical influences a priori. Thus, research has until today exclusively focused on Egyptian material from the 3rd and 2nd millennium B.C., while material from Late Period Egypt, especially the Persian and Ptolemaic periods, has not been taken into account. Of course, this was not only due to assumptions regarding the dating of the Egypt oracles, but partly also to the fact that the Late Period material in question has only recently become the focus of interest in Egyptological research.The research project proposed here addresses these problems and desiderata by making Ez 29–32 the object of a detailed investigation that intertwines the study the diachronic literary history of the texts and the study of possible Egyptian influences. In this, the project is innovative in two ways: on the one hand, the study of extra-biblical influence is consistently linked back to the diachronic literary history of the texts. On the other hand, new material that has only recently been made accessible in the field of Egyptology is taken into account. The project can, thus, also open new avenues for the study of the book of Ezekiel in general.The working hypothesis is that a stronger influence of late Egyptian ideas and traditions can be found especially on younger literary levels of the Egypt oracles which partly even date as late as the Ptolemaic period.