MECHANISM OF THE HOST RANGE TRANSMISSION OF INFLUENZA VIRUS AND ITS CONTROL

1.我们发现，1999年从香港分离的部分禽类和鸡类流感病毒的血凝素(HA)中，负责识别宿主细胞受体唾液糖链的226号氨基酸已从鸟型转变为人型。这些表明，如果将禽类病毒的受体结合特异性改变为人型，通过对受体sialo糖链的进化选择，将HA中的226个氨基酸从鸟型替换为人型，那么将有可能在没有中间宿主猪的情况下直接将从野鸭传播的禽类和鸡类流感病毒直接传播给人。2.我们发现了一种新的神经节苷脂，它能结合从水喉、苏库分离的所有流感病毒，如人、鸟、猪和马，表明这种神经节苷脂可能是人和其他动物流感病毒的共同受体。3.香港流感病毒(A/1968，H3N2)的神经氨酸酶亚型具有禽流感的特性(在酸性pH中稳定)。研究发现，1971年以后分离的H3N2型人流感病毒的亚型不是香港流感N2.4的亚型。本研究发现并分离出几种新的抗流感病毒HA的药物，如携带唾液酸乳糖胺的聚合物、与HA受体结合口袋的唾液酸乳糖结合的环肽、从细菌中分离的甘油糖脂等。

1.We found that the amino acid No.226 in the hemagglutinin (HA) of a part of the influenza viruses isolated from quail and chicken in Hong Kong (1999), which is responsible for the recognition of the host cell receptor sialosugar chains, has been changed from bird type to human type. These indicate that the direct transmission, without the intermediate host, pig, of the quail and chicken influenza viruses transmitted from wild duck to human will be possible if the receptor binding specificity of the bird virus is changed to human type the substitution of the amino acid 226 in the HA from bird type to human type by the evolutional selection of the receptor sialo sugar chains.2.We found a new ganglioside which binds every influenza viruses isolated from the hosy, sucu as human, bird, pig and horset, indicating that this ganglioside may be a common receptor for the influenza viruses of human and other animals.3.The neuraminidase subtype of the human virus at the Hong Kong Flu (A/1968, H3N2) has a properties of the bird flu (stable in acidic pH). It was found that the N2 subtypes of the H3N2 human influenza viruses isolated after 1971 is not a leneage of the Hong Kong Flu N2.4.Several new inhibitors for the influenza virus HA such as polymer carrying sialyllactosamine, cyclic peptide conncted with sialyllactose which binds receptor binding pocket in the HA, glyceroglycolipids isoated from bacteria etc. were found and isolated in this study.