The right to adequate remuneration for 'solo-entrepreneurs'

拟议的项目旨在审查个体经营者在谈判地位不稳，妨碍他们在公平条件下工作和获得公平报酬时所面临的保护差距。由于个体经营者在经济上依赖于其客户，他们之间的权力不平衡可能影响他们自由谈判合同条款的能力。因此，很难确保适足的生活水准，从而保护自己免遭劳动剥削。确保个体经营者获得适当报酬的权利以防止劳动剥削是一个研究不足的领域。为此目的，该项目将分析国际和欧洲人权法以及奥地利和德国的立法。该项目将评估与个体企业家权利有关的国际义务与欧盟法律之间可能存在的紧张关系。该项目侧重于四个目标：（1）确定各国根据国际和欧洲人权法保护个体企业家的法律的义务，以及防止剥削个体企业家的可能的个人、集体和社会办法（2）分析奥地利和德国在国家一级加强保护个体企业家的国际人权义务的履行情况，（3）根据欧洲联盟法律评估国际人权义务的履行情况;（4）根据国际人权和欧盟法律，就如何解决自营职业者的状况提出有针对性的法律的建议。该项目将根据目标分为四个工作流程。法律的分析，特别是对工作流程1的分析，将借鉴全球和区域一级的国际人权和劳工权利标准（特别是相关的国际劳工组织（劳工组织）公约或《欧洲社会宪章》），并载有对各司法和非司法机构的判例法分析。工作流程2将基于对奥地利和德国相关国家立法和法院管辖权的分析。在工作流程3中，分析将使用欧洲联盟法院的判例。该项目将处理尚未得到充分研究的问题，即对个体企业家存在哪些人权义务，这些义务在多大程度上涵盖这一工人群体，以及国家立法如何解决这些义务。由于两者之间可能发生冲突，该项目将研究工作纳入国际人权法，使之与欧盟法律以及奥地利和德国的国家立法相联系。这种设置允许分析不同的法律领域，并联合收割机结合所涉研究人员的专门知识，以便共同制定创新建议，进一步采取法律的步骤保护个体企业家。

The proposed project aims to examine the protection gap solo-entrepreneurs face when their precarious negotiation position hinders them to work under fair conditions and earn fair remuneration. As soloentrepreneurs are economically dependent on their clients, imbalances of power between them may affect their ability to freely negotiate the terms of their contracts. Hence, securing adequate standards of living and thus protecting themselves from labour exploitation can be difficult. Securing the right to adequate remuneration for solo-entrepreneurs in order to prevent labour exploitation is an under-researched area. For this purpose, the project will analyse international and European human rights law, as well as Austrian and German legislations. The project will assess possible tensions between international obligations relating to solo-entrepreneurs’ rights and EU law. The project focuses on four objectives: (1) identifying legal obligations of States under international and European human rights law to protect solo-entrepreneurs and possible individual, collective and social approaches to prevent exploitation of solo-entrepreneurs (2) analyzing the implementation of international human rights obligations that would enhance the protection of soloentrepreneurs at national level in Austria and Germany, (3) assessing the implementation of international human rights obligations in line with European Union law and (4) developing targeted legal recommendations on how to address the situation of self-employed in light of international human rights and EU-law. The project will be structured in four workstreams according to the objectives. The legal analysis, in particular of workstream 1, will draw on international human and labour rights standards on a global and regional level (in particular relevant International Labour Organisation (ILO) conventions or the European Social Charter) and contain a case law analysis of the respective judicial and non-judicial bodies. Workstream 2 will be based on analyses of relevant national legislation and jurisdiction of courts in Austria and Germany. In the context of workstream 3, the analysis will use jurisprudence of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU). The project will tackle the under-researched questions which human rights obligations exist for soloentrepreneurs, the extent to which this group of workers is covered by these obligations and how the latter are settled in national legislations. As conflicts between them may occur, the project embeds the research in international human rights law to interlink it with EU-law, and in the national legislations of Austria and Germany. This setting allows to analyse different areas of law and combine the expertise of the researchers involved in order to jointly develop innovative recommendations for further legal steps to protect soloentrepreneurs.