Ecosystem management on Amami Island, considering community processes.

Amami-Oshima岛位于九州岛西南约300公里处，是东方地区的东北边缘。这里有许多特有物种，如大斑潜蝇、大斑潜蝇、大爬行动物和亚种巴比纳。20世纪90年代，S外来爪哇疱疹病毒在该岛的分布范围扩大，在这种外来捕食性哺乳动物的高密度地区，许多特有动物的数量已经减少甚至消失。自2000年以来，日本环境省一直在控制爪哇线虫种群，目标是将其从该岛消灭。森林中有时会有外来的鼠类，这通常是爪哇田鼠冬季的重要猎物。爪哇鼠种群的变化也可能通过仓鼠和其他中间的本地捕食者对低等猎物物种产生一些间接影响。橡子和家鼠的数量有年际波动，几种本地动物对橡子的依赖程度很高。Amami岛上的森林生态系统是动态和复杂的。了解它的过程对于保护自然是有趣的，也是重要的。我们调查了动物密度、观察到的和假想的食物网，并从生态系统恢复措施的角度提出了其保护问题。

Amami-oshima Island locates about 300km south-west from Kyushu Is., and north-eastern edge of Oriental Region. There are many endemic species, such as Pentalagus furnessi, Garrulus Iidthi, Zoothera major, and Babina subaspera. In 1990's alien Herpestes javanicus expanded its distribution within this Island, and in the high density area of this alien predator mammal, the number of many endemic animal species has decreased or even disappeared. Ministry of the Environment, Japan, has been controlling H.javanicus population since 2000 and targeting its eradication from this island. There are sometimes alien Rattus rattus in the forest, which is usually an important winter prey of H.javanicus. There may be also some indirect effects of H.javanicus population change through R.rattus and other intermediate native predators on the lower prey species. There are annual fluctuation of acorns and R.rattus and several native animals depend on acorns much. The ecosystem of the forest on Amami Island is dynamic and complicated. Understanding its processes is interesting and important to conserve the nature. We investigated the animal density, observed and hypothetic food web, and present problems of its conservation in terms of the ecosystem restoration measurements.