DEVELOPMENT OF A BLLOD PURIFICATION SYSTEM IN HOME WITH FILTRATE REGENERATION BY USING MEMBRANE DISTILLATION TECHNIQUE

基于透析和超滤技术的血液透析（HD）治疗在临床上用于急性肾衰竭患者已经过去了50多年。然而，到目前为止，还没有其他分离技术应用于人工肾治疗。在这项研究中，我们专注于膜蒸馏（MD），已经开发的工业用途，作为一种新的分离技术，临床应用。在MD中，蒸馏蒸汽基于由膜两侧之间的温度差引起的蒸汽压差的驱动力穿透疏水性多孔膜。在采用MD技术的血液净化系统中，我们可以从肾病患者的体外血液中去除一些纯水，并向其中添加一些电解质，作为肾脏替代治疗的置换液。在本文中，在体外和犬离体研究期间检查了水去除特性。 ...更多信息 采用液-液体系进行体外研究，分别使用10℃和37℃的两种反渗透（RO）水作为“血液”和“渗透”侧流体。作为研究结果，通过使用由聚丙烯中空纤维膜组成的0.3 m^2 MD模块，在各种流动条件下从实验中最多从“血液”中收集45 mL水以“渗透”60 min。在气-液系统的体外研究中，在中空纤维的“穿透”侧流体处使用6 - 80 L/min的10℃冷空气代替在中空纤维外侧的RO水。结果，与RO水相比，冷却空气具有较低的热容量，并且在MD模块中保持较大的温差，因此在30分钟内最多收集了93.2mL的水。为了验证MD系统的安全性并检查从循环血液中去除的水的收集量，进行了麻醉和双侧肾切除的狗的体外研究。作为4小时实验的结果，狗的体重从11.4 kg变为11.0 kg，通过血细胞比容监测观察到血容量下降19.9%。在国内研制血液净化系统，需要合理选择膜材料和优化膜组件设计。少

It has been passed more than 50 years since a hemodialysis (HD) therapy based on both dialysis and ultrafiltration techniques was clinically performed for an acute renal failure patient. None of other separation techniques, however, has been applied to an artificial kidney therapy until now. In this study, we focused on membrane distillation (MD), already developed for industrial use, as a new separation technique for clinically application. In the MD, a distilled vapor penetrated through a hydrophobic porous membrane based on a driving force of the vapor pressure difference induced by temperature difference between both sides of the membrane. In a blood purification system with the MD technique, we can remove some pure water from the extracorporeal blood of a renal disease patient and add some electrolytes to it as a substitution fluid for a renal replacement therapy. In this paper, water removal characteristics were examined during an in vitro and a canine ex vivo studies.In the in v … More itro study with a liquid-liquid system, two types of reverse osmosis (RO) water with 10℃ and 37℃ was used as the "blood" and "penetrate" side fluids, respectively. As a result of the study, 45m L of water was collected in maximum from the "blood" to "penetrate" for 60 min from the experiments at various flow conditions by using a 0.3 m^2 MD module composed of polypropylene hollow fiber membranes. In the in vitro study with a gas-liquid system, 6 to 80L/min of the 10℃ cool air was used at the "penetrate" side fluid in stead of the RO water at the outer side of the hollow fibers. As a result, 93.2m L of water was collected in maximum for 30 min because the cooled air had a lower heat capacity and kept a larger temperature difference in a MD module in comparison with the RO water.An anesthetized and bilaterally nephrectomized dog was carried out for the ex vivo study to verify safety of the MD system and examine a collected amount of water removal from the circulating blood. As a result of the 4 hr experiment, body weight of the dog changed from 11.4 kg to 11.0 kg and 19.9 % drop of blood volume was observed by a hematocrit monitoring.The MD technique is thought to be effective for an excessive water removal and a replacement therapy for renal disease patients. Adequate selection of the MD membrane and optimum design of the module are required for development a blood purification system in home. Less