A study of legal policy making on the privatization of prison and the evaluation of its effects

（1）在对监狱私营化进行了基础研究之后，我们与法国司法部举行了一次会议，讨论如何实现我们的目标，并参观了法国的刑罚机构。2004年，我们访问了3所公私营机构，并就与囚犯的关系、惩教工作、医疗等问题采访了这些机构的公私营人员。(2)In通过对法国监狱私营化的研究，我们认为，法国监狱私营化是20世纪80年代后期以来两大刑罚政策的产物：一是导致监狱人满为患的严厉惩罚政策，二是将囚犯作为公民对待的社会化政策。因此，我们以1994年引进的新的监狱医疗机构为例，分析了日本最近关于这一问题的改革争论。(3)On另一方面，我们发现这一时期的监狱社会化政策是受法国犯罪学研究的新趋势所指导的。因此，我们分析了福柯的监狱工作，这在很大程度上激发了这一趋势，也影响了法国的刑事实践。（4）最后，我们分析了法国监狱私有化政策的推行不仅受到私营机构的推动，而且受到非政府组织活动的制约，这些非政府组织将民间人力资源投入到刑罚实践中。并准备对监狱角色转变与民间人力资源有效利用的关系进行新的研究规划。

(1)After the basic research on the privatization of prison, we had a meeting with the French Ministry of Justice on the way to achieve our objective and to visit the French penal institutions. In 2004, we visited 3 public-private institutions and interviewed both public and private officers of those institutions on the questions concerning the relationships with the prisoners, the penal works, the medical treatment etc.(2)In these interviews, we come to the conclusion that the privatization of prisons in France was a fruit of the two penal politics of the governments from the late 1980's : the severe punishment which caused the overcrowded prisons, and the socialization policy which treated the prisoners as citizens. So, we analyzed the new medical treatment organization in prisons as an example of the latter case, which was introduced in 1994 and inspired the Japanese recent reform controversy on this matter.(3)On the other hand, we found that the socialization policy in this period is guided by the new trend of French criminology on prisons. So, we analyzed M.Foucault's work on prison which inspired largely this trend and influenced also the penal practices in France.(4)Finally, we analyzed that the privatization of prisons policy in France is not only promoted by the private agencies but also conditioned by the activities of the NGOs which invest the civil human resources in the penal practices. And we prepare to make plan for the new study which concerns the relation between the transition of the role of prison and the effective uses of the civil human resources.