The Structure of the Educational Assessment Administration in America -The Development of the educational management policy in Massachusetts-

本研究的目的是考虑美国教育评估管理的结构；马萨诸塞州教育管理政策的发展。本研究于2006年3月31日作为科学研究资助基金(C)的报告发表，报告内容由研究目的、研究计划、研究方法、研究活动摘要和4篇研究论文组成。这4篇研究论文的题目和摘要如下：第一章的题目是“1993年马萨诸塞州教育改革法的制定”。本文旨在考察《马萨诸塞州教育改革法》制定的过程和背景。第二章的题目是“马萨诸塞州共同核心课程的改革与约翰·西尔伯的教育改革思想”。约翰·西尔伯是马萨诸塞州州立学校委员会主席和标准课程的改革者。第三章的题目是“马萨诸塞州教育评估管理的实际情况”。本文考虑的是马萨诸塞州全国考试政策和教育评估管理的实际情况。第四章的题目是“教育评价管理与废除双语教育运动”。本文将考虑马萨诸塞州废除双语教育的运动，重点关注州长、国会和居民的角色。特别值得关注的是2002年11月5日“第二问题”投票倡议的过程和背景。

The purpose of this research is to consider the structure of the educational assessment administration in America ; the development of the educational management policy in Massachusetts. Though this research was published as a report by the Grant- in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) on March 31,2006, the contents of this report were constructed with abstracts of research aim, research plan, research method, research activities, and 4 research papers. Each title and abstract of these 4 research papers was as follows ;Title of Chapter 1 is "The Establishment of the Massachusetts Education Reform Act of 1993". This article is to consider the process and background of the establishment of the Massachusetts Education Reform Act.Title of Chapter 2 is "The Reform of Common Core of Learning in Massachusetts and Educational Reform Thoughts of John Silber". John Silber was a chairman of State School Committee and a reformer of standard curriculum in Massachusetts.Title of Chapter 3 is "The Actual Conditions of the Educational Assessment Administration in Massachusetts". This article is to consider the actual conditions of the state-wide test policy and the educational assessment administration in Massachusetts.Title of Chapter 4 is "The Educational Assessment Administration and the Movement to Abolish Bilingual Education". This article is to consider the movement to abolish bilingual education in Massachusetts, with a focus on the roles of the state governor, congress and inhabitants. Especially, attention is given the process and background of the November5, 2002 ‘Question 2' ballot initiative.