The natural history of diabetic-related complications in type 2 diabetes among middle-aged employees.

1.队列研究的设置本研究以西日本电报电话公司的员工为对象，是为了明确2型糖尿病、高血压、代谢综合征等主要疾病的危险因素，自2000年以来一直在进行的队列研究。此外，我们还在大渡健康促进中心开展了一项队列研究。2型糖尿病的诊断在基线检查和随访时，如果空腹血糖水平>126 mg/dl（HbAlc >6.5%），或者如果参与者正在服用口服降糖药物或胰岛素，则诊断为2型糖尿病。数据收集和测量临床检查包括体格检查;人体测量;和关于病史的自我管理问卷;空腹血糖水平的测量;和生活方式特征，如定期体育锻炼的持续时间、吸烟和每日饮酒量。蛋白尿的存在是并发症， ...更多信息 通过试纸测试证实。尿白蛋白和肌酐测定在早晨现场样品。通过眼底检查评估视网膜病变.结果糖尿病组蛋白尿发生率为23.0%，非糖尿病组为7.3%。糖尿病组尿微量白蛋白检出率（23.3%）高于非糖尿病组（7.0%）。对40岁及以上男性2型糖尿病患者进行4年随访，采用多元Logistic回归模型分析其显性蛋白尿发生率的危险因素。校正年龄后，BMI、收缩压、舒张压、白色细胞数、HbAlc和高血压与显性蛋白尿发生率的增加相关，糖尿病组中3.7%观察到糖尿病视网膜病变，13.9%观察到眼底出血。在校正年龄和性别后，空腹血糖水平和HbAlc升高是眼底出血的多重校正比值比增加。少

1. Setup of a cohort studyThis study of the employees working for Nippon Telegraph and Telephone West Corporation is an ongoing cohort investigation designed to clarify the risk factors for major diseases, including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome etc since 2000. And furthermore, we started a cohort study at Ohtori Health Promotion Center.2. Diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitusType 2 diabetes at baseline examination and follow-up was diagnosed if the fasting plasma glucose level was >126 mg/dl, (HbAlc >6.5%), or if participants were taking oral hypoglycemic medication or insulin.3. Data collection and measurementsThe clinical examination consisted of a physical examination; anthropometric measurements; and self-administered questionnaires on a medical history; measurement of the fasting plasma glucose level; and life-style characteristics, such as the duration of regular physical exercise, smoking, and daily alcohol consumption. The presence of proteinuria was co … More nfirmed by a dipstick test. Urinary albumin and creatinine were measured in a morning spot sample. Retinopathy was assessed by fundus photography.4. ResultsThis study revealed a prevalence of overt proteinuria in 23.0% of diabetic group as compared with 7.3% of non-diabetic group. The prevalence of microalbuminuria was higher in diabetic group (23.3%) than in non-diabetic group (7.0%). Multiple logistic regression model was tested to assess the risk factor on incidence of overt proteinuria followed for 4 years in 40-year-old or more male employees with type 2 diabetes. After adjusting for age, BMI, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, number of white blood cells, HbAlc, and the presence of hypertension was associated with an increased risk of incidence of overt proteinuria.Diabetic retinopathy was observed in 3.7% and hemorrhage of the eye ground in 13.9% of diabetic group. The increased fasting plasma glucose level and HbAlc were increased multiple-adjusted odds ratio of hemorrhage of the eye ground after adjustment for age and gender. Less