Internalized Gender and Parenting Norms: Assessing Reconfigurations between Gender, Socio-Economic Status and Immigrant Background

该项目分析了与母亲和父亲分配给子女的时间和（情感）支持的份额和强度有关的性别和养育方面的规范。这些规范似乎在当今社会中受到高度的争议- -不仅在不同社会群体之间，而且在不同社会群体内部，例如在妇女和男子之间，在受过高等教育的人中。我们分析了这种情况在多大程度上可以用性别、社会经济地位（SES）和移民背景的社会结构重构来解释。多方面的社会变化极大地改变了这些特征的共同变化，可能对家庭生活和两性关系产生严重影响。我们调查了这些特征的重新配置和交叉切割在多大程度上导致了新的社会身份，这可以解释性别和育儿规范的差异和争论。此外，我们还评估了哪些社会群体能够更好地将他们的育儿偏好付诸实践。在实证分析中，我们结合不同的数据。该项目的核心将是自己的数据收集，作为RISS内部化调查的一部分。我们计划对来自不同教育和移民群体的个人进行在线调查，以最大限度地提高教养规范的差异。将在这个项目中制定新的和创新的衡量个人社会身份及其性别和养育准则的措施。这些数据将允许详细分析性别、社会经济地位和移民背景的交叉如何在不同的社会身份（包括子群体）中表现出来（例如，作为土耳其裔女性学者的身份），以及这些（新的）社会身份如何与不同的性别和育儿规范相关联。此外，我们亦会对“劳工市场与社会保障”小组研究（PASS）进行二次分析，检视家长在实践育儿准则方面的成效。

The project analyzes norms regarding gender and parenting which relate to the share and intensity of mothers’ and fathers’ allocations of time and (emotional) support for their children. Such norms seem to be highly contested in present societies – not only between but also within various social groups, e.g. between women and men, among the highly educated. We analyze in how far this situation can be explained by the socio-structural reconfiguration of gender, socioeconomic status (SES), and immigrant background. Multidimensional social changes have dramatically altered the covariance of these characteristics, potentially with severe repercussions for family life and gender relations. We investigate to what extent reconfiguration and cross-cutting of these characteristics resulted in new social identities, which can explain the variance and contestation regarding gender and parenting norms. In addition, we assess which social groups are better able to put their parenting preferences into practice.For the empirical analyses, we combine different data. The core of the project will be an own data collection as part of the RISS Internalization Survey. We plan to conduct an online survey with individuals from different educational and migration groups in order to maximize variation regarding parenting norms. New and innovative measures of individuals’ social identities and their gender and parenting norms will be developed in this project. This data will allow for analyzing in detail how the cross-cutting of gender, SES, and immigrant background is represented in different social identities including sub-groups (e.g. identification as a female academic with Turkish origin), and how these (new) social identities are related to different gender and parenting norms. In addition, we will conduct a secondary analysis of the Panel Study “Labour Market and Social Security” (PASS) where we examine in how far parents manage to put their parenting norms into practice.