"THOUGHTFUL PARENTING" FOR MOTHERS AND FATHERS: DOES GENDER MATTER?

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究的目的是扩展对一项基于理论和实践的预防计划（正确的育儿：时刻到时刻，TPMM）的评估，该计划旨在减少与育儿问题（包括对儿童的口头和身体攻击）相关的因素。一项针对高危母亲的临床试验的初步数据表明，TPMM可有效降低儿童遭受身体虐待的风险和抑郁症状。拟议的研究旨在扩大这些发现，通过检查是否性别温和TPMM的有效性，因此，目标人群将包括母亲和父亲在养育子女的问题（n = 192）的风险。本研究将通过采用父母教育计划作为对照条件，进一步扩展研究结果，使其超出对高危母亲进行的临床试验（采用常规对照设计治疗）。 使用家长教育控制条件将标准化的机会，与其他家长和促进者的治疗和控制条件，从而提供了一个更严格的测试TPMM的有效性。除了上述目标之外，本项目还将提供更多关于促进者培训（广泛培训与名义培训）对TPMM有效性影响程度的数据。 活动将包括采用随机对照设计进行的多中心评价，包括术前、术后和6个月随访评估。 该设计包括两个干预条件（广泛与名义上训练有素的TPMM促进者）和家长教育控制条件。 评估的结果将包括自我报告，行为评估（家庭观察）和官方儿童虐待报告。 假设在术前、术后和随访评估中，TPMM组（而非对照组）将表现出显著改善（例如，减少儿童身体虐待风险、抑郁症状和增强自我力量），这些改善将随着时间的推移而保持。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this study is to extend evaluation of a theoretically and empirically-based prevention program (Thoughtful Parenting: Moment to Moment, TPMM), which was designed to reduce factors associated with problems in parenting (including verbal and physical assault of children). Preliminary data from a clinical trial with at-risk mothers indicate that TPMM is effective in reducing child physical abuse risk and depressive symptoms. The proposed study was designed to extend these findings, by examining whether gender moderates TPMM effectiveness, hence the target population will include both mothers and fathers at risk for problems in parenting (n = 192). This study will further extend findings beyond that of the clinical trial conducted with at-risk mothers (which used a treatment as usual control design) by employing a parent education program as the control condition. Use of the parent education control condition will standardize opportunities for contact with other parents and facilitators across treatment and control conditions, thus providing for a more stringent test of TPMM's effectiveness. In addition to the above goals, this project will provide additional data regarding the extent to which facilitator training (extensive versus nominal) moderates TPMM's effectiveness. Activities will include a multi-site evaluation using a randomized controlled design with pre-, post-, and six month follow-up assessments. The design includes two intervention conditions (extensively versus nominally trained TPMM facilitators) and a parent education control condition. Outcomes assessed will include self reports, behavioral assessments (in-home observations), and official child maltreatment reports. It is hypothesized that across pre-, post-, and follow-up assessments, TPMM groups, but not the control group, will demonstrate significant improvements (e.g., reductions in child physical abuse risk, depressive symptoms and increased ego-strength) and that these improvements will be maintained across time.