Longitudinal study of infant's sleep-wake rhythm and the influences on the development of their babies' sleep behaviors.

只有少数研究研究了婴儿睡眠节律的发展与母亲的睡眠-觉醒行为有关。为了了解母亲的睡眠行为对婴儿睡眠节律的影响，采用戴在非优势腕上的测力计和睡眠记录仪进行了纵向研究。分析从分娩当天到出生后56周连续记录的16对母婴的睡眠记录。在出生后第3、6、9、15、23、34和55周，对3对母婴进行连续2天的活动记录。在第3周检测婴儿睡眠节律的平均自相关图的24小时。婴儿的昼夜休息-活动节律在第3周就已经存在。从第5周到第10周，这一24小时峰值的幅度逐渐增大。这可能是婴儿昼夜睡眠节律发展的一个有用的指标。在第6周也观察到了一个约12小时的峰值。这一12小时的峰值被认为是半昼夜节律。母亲从分娩到产后第3天，昼夜节律的平均幅度明显降低，之后又有增加的趋势。这意味着，母亲在第三周的昼夜节律受到了夜间照顾婴儿的睡眠中断的影响。母婴出生后1~55周夜间睡眠和觉醒变化相似，但初产妇母婴入睡和觉醒时间较经产妇母婴晚。这些结果可能表明，母亲的胎次对婴儿睡眠节律的发育具有调节作用。母婴同步化可能是影响婴儿昼夜睡眠/清醒节律的第一个因素。

Only a few studies have researched the development of infants' sleep rhythm in connection with the mothers' sleep-wake behavior. The longitudinal study was conducted to understand the influence on sleep rhythm of infants in accordance with their mothers' sleep behavior, using an actimeter worn on the non-dominant wrist and a sleep log. Sleep logs of the 16 mother-baby pairs recorded consecutively from the delivery day to the 56th weeks after birth were analyzed. Actigraphic recording for the 3 mother-baby pairs were made over 2continuous days during 3rd,6th,9th,15th,23rd,34th, and 55th weeks after birth. A 24-h on a mean autocorrelogram of the infants' sleep rhythms was detected at the 3rd week. The infants' circadian rest-activity rhythm already existed in the 3^<rd>d week. The amplitude of this 24-h peak gradually increased from the 5th to 10th week. This may be useful as an index of the development of infants' circadian sleep rhythm. An about 12-h peak was also observed at 6th week. This 12-h peak was thought to be a semi-circadian rhythm. Regarding the mothers, the mean amplitude of the circadian rhythms decreased markedly from the delivery to 3rd postpartum day, and tended to increase after that. This meant that the mothers' circadian rhythm at the 3rd week was influenced by their interrupted sleep at night to take care of their infants. Sleep onset and wake onset of mothers and their infants showed similar changes at night from the first to the 55th weeks after birth, but the sleep onset and wake onset of the mother-baby pairs in primiparae was late than those of mother-baby pairs in multiparae. These results may indicate that the parity of the mothers have modification effects in the development of infants' sleep rhythm. The mother-infant synchronization is probably the first factor in the entrainment of infants' circadian sleep/ wake rhythm.