The expression control and biofunctional analysis of RCAS1

(1)RCAS1在子宫内膜癌中的表达：免疫组织化学分析显示，RCAS1的过度表达与患者的手术年龄、分期、肌层侵犯程度、腹膜细胞学检查阳性有关。多因素分析显示，RCAS1的表达和转移是影响总生存率的重要临床预后因素。这些结果表明，分析RCAS1的表达可以提供有关子宫内膜癌临床行为的重要信息，这可能对该病的治疗有价值。(2)RCAS1诱导子宫癌的微环境改变：(1)RCAS1与肿瘤大小相关。(2)RCAS1与转移淋巴结中淋巴细胞的凋亡率有关；(3)RCAS1的表达导致Vimentin阳性的肿瘤间质细胞减少；(4)RCAS1与肿瘤VEOF的表达及间质微血管密度有关。因此，RCAS1可能在肿瘤的侵袭和转移中起着关键作用。(5)用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附试验检测血清RCAS1水平。子宫癌患者的RCAS1水平显著高于健康献血员。RCAS1水平随临床症状的变化而变化，在复发时增加，在有效治疗后下降。此外，血清RCAS1在体外诱导可能表达受体的K562细胞凋亡。这些数据表明RCAS1可能是治疗子宫癌患者的一种新的生物标志物。(3)目前正在进行几项基础研究：(1)利用截断突变的转基因细胞分析RCAS1的表型和信号转导机制；(2)分离诱导RCAS1蛋白降解的蛋白酶。

(1) RCAS1 expression in uterine endometrial cancer : Immunohistochemical analysis, using 147 patients' samples, showed that overexpression of RCAS1 was significantly correlated with age at surgery, stage, extent of myornetrial invasion, and positive peritoneal cytologic results. Multivariate analysis revealed that RCAS1 expression and metastasis were clinically significant prognostic factors for overall survival. These findings indicated that analysis for RCAS1 expression can provide crucial information about the clinical behavior of uterine endometrial cancer, which may be valuable for management of patients with this disease.(2) RCAS1 induces microenvironmental change in uterine cancer : (1)RCAS1 associated with tumor size. (2)RCAS1 related with the number of lymphocyte apoptosis in metastatic lymph nodes, (3)RCAS1 expression induced reduction of vimentin positive tumor stromal cells, (4)RCAS1 was correlated with tumor VEOF expression and stromal microvessel density. Accumulating these data, RCAS1 might play a pivotal role in tumor invasion and metastasis. (5)Serum RCAS1 level was measured by ELISA analysis. RCAS1 level was significantly higher in uterine cancer patients than in healthy donors. RCAS1 level changed in response to clinical inanifestation increased in recurrence, and decreased after effective treatments. Moreover, serum RCAS1 induced apoptosis of putative receptor-expressing K562 cells in vitro. These data indicated that RCAS1 might be a novel biomarker in management of uterine cancer patients.(3) Several basic studies are now under investigation : (1)The analysis of phenotype and signal transduction mechanism of RCAS1, by using truncation mutant transfected cells, and (2)Isolation of protease which induces proteolytic processing of RCAS1.