Molecular biology of calus formation after mandibular reconstruction using vasculized long bone

建立了大鼠下颌骨隐动脉骨皮瓣重建模型。Mutaf等人于1994年在《Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery》上报道了大鼠的隐动脉骨皮瓣。这是一个真正的骨皮皮瓣皮瓣由小腿内侧的皮肤岛，股薄肌和半腱肌，以及胫骨基于隐血管蒂的骨段组成。下颌骨缺损是用这些技术所获得的带血管的胫骨重建的。膜性骨愈合的过程尚不清楚。纤维骨的愈合被认为是膜性骨愈合的唯一过程。在本研究中，软骨形成与骨愈合过程相关。这些发现与早期软骨内（长）骨愈合相似。结论：膜性骨缺损在愈合过程中形成软骨组织。然而，与长骨缺损愈合过程相比，骨痂形成受到限制。我们认为膜性骨膜不是骨缺损修复的主要因素，膜性骨膜形成的骨本身并不能完全修复骨缺损。目前的观察表明，骨形成的主要来源是内皮和骨髓。我们的研究显示膜性骨缺损的愈合过程不同于软骨内成骨。

A new mandibular reconstruction model using the saphenous artery osteocutaneous flap is developed in the rat. The saphenous artery osteocutaneous flap in the rat was reported by Mutaf, et al in the Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 1994. This is a true osteocutaneous flap flap composed of a skin island from the medial aspect of the lower leg, the the gracilis and semitendinosus muscles, and a bone segment from the tibia based on the saphenous vascular pedicle. The mandibular defect was reconstructed by the vascularized tibia harvested in these technigue.The process of membranous bone healing has not been clearly understood. The union of fibrous bone was assumed to be the only process in the healing of membranous bones. In the present study, cartilage formation associated with the bone healing process was observed. These findings are similar to early stage of endochondral (long) bone healing. It is concluded that cartilage tissue is formed in the process of membranous bone defect healing. In comparison with the long bone defect healing process, however, callus formation was limited.We conclude that membranous bone periosteum is not main factor in the repair of bone defects, and that bone formation from membranous periosteum dose not itself completely heal the bone defect. The present observations indicated that the main sources of bone formation are the endosteum and bone marrow. We are of the union their investigation reveals the healing process of membranous bone defects to differ from that of endochondral ossification.