On the Rubrics of Japanese High School Entrance Examinations for JSL Students

由于外国居民在日本的临时或永久移民，外国学生的数量急剧增加，出现了一个关键问题，即新来者在参加中考(以下简称HSEE)方面存在严重困难：尽管日本学生能够通过HSEE的比例达到97%，但外国学生的比例保持在53%左右。在这种情况下，不仅在考试管理领域，而且在教学实践中都有必要采取适当的措施。本项目针对上述学生，试图在英语、科学、数学三门学科中掌握HSEE的核心词汇和习语特点。这些科目的说明样本都是从2002年的所有日本县高中考试中提取出来的。对于英语测试部分，我们通过定性和定量的分析得出了关键词/短语。后者是通过使用计算机软件“Chasen”进行的，目的是加强前者的成果。以理科和数学考试为例，以“沙漏-型神经网络”为基础，对高考常用词汇进行了分析。未来的研究方向是进一步探讨如何更好地为外国学生利用这些关键的象征/表达。

As the number of foreign students dramatically increases due to temporal or permanent immigration of foreign residents in Japan, there rises a critical problem that the new comers have serious difficulty in taking high school entrance examinations (hereafter HSEE) : while the percentage of Japanese students who can pass the HSEE reaches 97%, that of foreign students remains around 53%. In such a situation, it should be necessary to take proper measures not only in the field of testing administration, but also in teaching practice.This project, for the students above, has tried to grasp core words/expressions and characteristics of rubrics in HSEE in the following three subjects : English, science, and math. Samples of directions in these subjects were extracted from all Japanese prefectural high school exams for 2002.As for the portion of English testing, we yielded key words/expressions through both qualitative and quantitative analysis. The latter was, for the purpose of enhancing the former results, conducted by the use of computer software, "Chasen". Turning to the cases of science and math testing, the frequently-used words/expressions in entrance exams were analyzed with the basis of "Sandglass-Type Neural Network." The future research direction is to further discuss how these key tokens/expressions can be best utilized for foreign students.