On the Legal Systems for the Stability of Employment in Edo-Meiji Period

这份报告由三章组成第一章是对江户时期职业介绍所的研究。在本研究中，我将其分为四种类型：(I)领主对城市仆人的深切关注，（II）领主对城市仆人的不关心，（III）领主对乡村仆人的深切关注，（IV）领主对乡村仆人的不关心。因此，我明确指出，每个职业介绍所和中介机构都有一些稳定就业的法律制度。但是明治日本的快速现代化打破了它们第二章是仙台族职业介绍所的研究。我证明在江户时代的前时期，有为武士（他们被称为武士，Buke或Bushi）雇用的仆人的职业介绍所。在中期，有职业介绍所从仙台家族以外的地方提供仆人。在后期，有职业介绍所为农民雇佣的仆人提供服务。法官对稳定就业的法律制度深表关切第三章是对江户时期土地和仆人回购法律制度的研究。江户时代的某些类型的仆人类似于奴隶。所以他们经常被购买和回购。回购土地和仆人的法律制度几乎相同。现行的日本民法中没有关于回购仆人的条款。但它在日本历史上扮演了非常重要的角色。

Three chapters compose this report.1 Chapter one is the study of the employment offices and agencies in Edo period. In this study I categorize them in four types : (I) The lords had deep concern for the servants in the city, (II) The lord had no concern for the servant in the city, (III) The lords had deep concern for the servants in the village, (IV) The lords had no concern for the servants in the village. As a result, I make it clear that each employment office and agency have some legal systems for the stability of employment. But the rapid modernization of Meiji Japan break down them.2 Chapter two is the study of employment agencies of Sendai-Clan. I prove that in the former term of Edo period there were employment agency for the servant who were employed by warriors (they were called Samurai, Buke or Bushi). In the middle term there were the employment agency who supplied servants from outside of Sendai-Clan. And in the latter term there were the employment agency for the servants who were employed by farmers. The lord had deep concern for the legal systems for the stability of employment in each terms.3 Chapter three is the study of the legal systems that repurchase lands and servants in Edo period. The some types of servants in Edo period were similar to slaves. So they were frequently purchased and repurchased. The legal system that repurchase lands and servants were almost same. The present Japanese Civil Law have no articles that repurchase servants. But it played very important part in the history of Japan.