A Longitudinal Study of Exploring Interactions between Companionship and Attachment with the Mother in Infancy

以往对母婴依恋关系的研究显示出“好事连连”的效应。例如，NICHD纵向研究（2005年），这是一个全国性的研究项目，在美国调查早期儿童保育对儿童发展的影响，报告说，儿童依恋母亲在15个月的年龄没有任何关系，但母亲的敏感性在婴儿期有关系。然而，这些结论，在家庭中的亲子关系有一个宇宙的影响，在一个日托的情况下来自有限的结果，没有检查教师的孩子关系，朋友关系，或父母的个体差异，可能会影响儿童在日托的情况。此外，他们的主要研究数据都是基于15个月以后的研究，对婴儿期家庭中的亲子关系关注较少。 ...更多信息 婴儿期与父母的安全依恋和主体间性/陪伴。虽然依恋被定义为在危险情况下的安全功能，但在日常交流/游戏中可以观察到主体间性/陪伴。虽然婴儿依恋和主体间性被认为是婴儿社会情绪发展的两个引擎，但它们之间的关系尚不清楚。母亲的互动方式：采用视频婴儿日记法，从2周龄到15个月，B）4个月时的主要主体间性，C）6个月时的母亲敏感性，D）10个月时的共同注意力和E）13个月时的依恋类型主要结果：A）4个月时母亲的玩耍与主体间性有关，但敏感性无关。B）母亲6个月时的敏感性对13个月时的依恋类型有预测作用，而玩耍性对13个月时的依恋类型没有预测作用。结论：母婴互动的两个发展维度--陪伴/主体间性和敏感/依恋可能是相互独立的。少

Previous studies on mother-infant attachment relations have demonstrated rather "all good things go together" effects. For instance, the NICHD longitudinal study (2005), which is a national-wide research project in U.S. to investigate effects of early child care on child developments, reported that child attachment to the mother at15 months of age did not have any relations to childcare experiences, but only maternal sensitivity in infancy did. However, those conclusions that parent-child relationships at home had a cosmic effect on a daycare context came form the limited results without examining teacher child relations, friend relations, or individual difference of parents which may have influence children in a daycare situation. Besides, their main data were based on researches after 15 months of age, and parent-infant relations at home during infancy could be little focused.In this study, we explored cross-influences, interactions and independency between two developmental courses; … More of secure attachment and of intersubjectivity / companionship with parents in infancy. While attachment is defined as a secure function under a dangerous situation, intersubjectivity / companionship is observed in an everyday communication/play. Although infant attachment and intersubjectivity are considered two engines for infants to unfold socio-emotional development, their relations have not known.Method: 50 pairs of mother-infant joined this project. A) Maternal interaction styles: using the video baby diary method, from 2 weeks to 15months of age, B) Primary intersubjectivity at 4months, C) Maternal sensitivity at 6months, D) Joint attention at 10months and E) Attachment type at 13 monthsMain result: A) Maternal playfulness related to intersubjectivity at 4 months, but sensitivity was not. B) Maternal sensitivity at 6 months predicted for attachment types at 13 months, but playfulness did not.Conclusion: Therefore, it was concluded that two developmental dimensions of mother-infant interactions of companionship/intersubjectivity and sensitivity/attachment may be independent each other. Less