Control of spatio temporal mode-switching at a membrane or an interface under nonequilibrium condition

作为一个简单的例子，自主电机，樟脑船在水中的化学刺激的变化的自我运动进行了研究。例如，樟脑船的自运动的性质随着酯蒸汽（正丁酸甲酯）的加入而改变。因此，连续运动变为振荡运动，并且其周期根据酯液滴与腔室之间的距离L而增加。测量水室中的表面张力，以阐明自运动速度如何随L变化。讨论了自运动的性质与表面张力作为驱动力的关系。我们相信，这些结果对于实现非线性等温条件下的人工趋化系统是有用的。本文研究了光敏Belousov-Zhabotinsky（BZ）反应中化学波的传播，用计算机软件画出一个圆环形或“8”字形的激发场，然后用一种液体-水晶投影仪对于圆形反应场中的化学波，研究了化学波的形状与内外半径比的关系。当两个化学波产生的形状像一个数字“8”（一个化学波在每个圆圈）作为初始条件的字段，波的碰撞的位置是恒定的或交替取决于两个圆环的重叠程度。这些实验结果进行了分析的基础上的几何讨论和理论再现的基础上，使用修改的Oregonator模型的反应扩散方程。光敏BZ反应可以用于根据可激发场的几何布置来创建时空图案。

As a simple example of an autonomous motor, the self-motion of a camphor boat on water with changes in chemical stimuli was investigated. For example, the nature of the self-motion of a camphor boat changed characteristically with the addition of ester vapor (methyl n-butyrate) to a circular water chamber. Thus, continuous motion changed to oscillatory motion and its period increased depending on the distance between an ester droplet and the chamber, L. The surface tension in the water chamber was measured to clarify how the velocity of the self-motion changed with L. The nature of the self-motion is discussed in relation to the surface tension as the driving force. We believe that the present results may be useful for realizing artificial chemotaxis systems under nonlinear and isothermal conditions.As for another system, the propagation of chemical waves in the photosensitive Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction was investigated using an excitable field in the shape of a circular ring or figure "8" which was drawn by computer software and then projected on a film soaked with BZ solution using a liquid-crystal projector. For a chemical wave in a circular reaction field, the shape of the chemical wave was investigated depending on the ratio of the inner and outer radii. When two chemical waves were generated on a field shaped like a figure "8" (one chemical wave in each circle) as the initial condition, the location of the collision of the waves either was constant or alternated depending on the degree of overlap of the two circular rings. These experimental results were analyzed based on a geometrical discussion and theoretically reproduced based on a reaction-diffusion equation using a modified Oregonator model. The photosensitive BZ reaction may be useful for creating spatio-temporal patterns depending on the geometric arrangement of excitable fields.