QTL analysis of chrysanthemum flower type and flower color in flower-ornamental peach [Prunus persica(L.) Batsch]

利用“菊头”与“猕猴桃”杂交后代进行遗传分析，以鉴定控制花卉桃花型（菊花型）和花色的基因。构建的SSR遗传连锁图谱揭示了与菊花花型和花色相关的QTL.遗传连锁图谱的构建：从李属植物中开发的164个SSR标记中，55个显示多态性的SSR标记用于构建包含290 cM的遗传连锁图谱。该图谱覆盖了约60%的基因组，每对位点之间的平均距离小于20 cM。花型遗传和QTL分析：根据菊花与正常花型的分离，表明菊花的形状受2个或2个以上的基因座控制。中间型的存在表明，主要以及次要因素影响花的形状。然后对花形性状进行QTL分析， ...更多信息 在连锁群（LG）6中检测到2个显著的QTL。这些QTL与矮秆基因紧密连锁，位于同一连锁群中。由于叶、果和果核的形态特征被认为是菊型花特有的，与菊型花相关。对这些性状的QTL分析表明，在LG6上检测到一个或多个QTL，其位置与菊花花型的QTL接近。这些结果表明，控制花型的基因与控制叶片和果实形态性状的基因功能相同或相似.花色的遗传和QTL分析：F_2代花色分离为粉红色、红色和白色。花色性状的分离符合9：3：4的比例，表明花色性状受两对或两对以上基因控制。花色QTL分析结果表明，在LG1中检测到2个QTL，在LG3中检测到1个QTL。推测LG3中的QTL可能是控制花色的色原基因，LG1中的两个QTL可能是影响花色苷组成的激活基因。少

Genetic analysis was conducted by using progenies crossed between 'Juseitou' and 'Kikumomo', in order to identify gene (s) controlling flower type (chrysanthemum flower type) and flower color in flower-ornamental peaches. A constructed SSR-based genetic linkage map led to reveal QTLs related to chrysanthemum flower type and flower color.1. Construction of a genetic linkage map : Out of 164 SSR markers developed from Prunus, 55 SSRs showing polymorphisms were used for construction of a genetic linkage map encompassing 290 cM. The map was estimated to cover ca.60 % of genome with an average distance less than 20 cM between each pair of locus.2. Genetic and QTL analyses on flower type : Based on segregation of chrysanthemum and normal flower types, it was indicated that chrysanthemum shape was controlled by 2 or more loci. Existence of intermediate type suggested that major as well as minor factors should influence the flower shape. Then, QTL analysis on flower shape was conducted, which … More revealed that 2 significant QTLs were found in linkage group (LG) 6. These QTLs were tightly linked to dwarfness gene (locus) in the same linkage group. Since it is considered that morphological characters in leaves, fruits and stones are specific and associated to chrysanthemum type flower. QTL analysis performed for these characters indicated that one or more QTLs were detected on LG6 which positioned close to the QTLs of chrysanthemum flower type. These results thus suggested that genes controlling flower type are identical or have similar functions to genes controlling morphological characters in leaves and fruits.3. Genetic and QTL analyses on flower color : Flower color of F_2 individuals segregated to pink, red and white. Since segregation fitted to the ratio of 9:3:4, it was suggested that the flower color was controlled by two or more genes. As the results of QTL analysis for flower color, two QTL loci were found in LG1 and one QTL was observed in LG3. It was supposed that QTL in LG3 could be chromogen gene controlling color/colorless of flower color and that two QTL in LG1 would be activater genes influencing composition of anthocyanin. Less