A Study on the intravenous sedation with propofol - Function of Swallowing, BIS monitor and blood concentration of propofol -

目的：咽部吞咽时，舌头与硬腭接触。这对保证吞咽安全是至关重要的。本研究的目的是建立一套同时测量舌头和咽部压力的系统。方法：10名健康志愿者，男4名，女6名，年龄20~34岁，平均25.5岁。输液式压力测量分析系统PowerLab(ADInstrument Inc.)被利用了。微硅管(IMG Inc.)在实验腭板上安装四个舌压传感器，分别测量四个舌段：舌前段(Ch.1)、舌中段(Ch.2)、舌后段(Ch.3)、舌右段或舌左段(Ch.4)的压力。压力计有一些传感器来测量食道上端和距离它5 mm的上端的压力。结果：分析了各测点最大压力的平均值和出现时间。根据最大值的排序，受试者被识别出4种模式。舌压几乎总是与咽压同时出现。结论：咽压的个体内变异很小，我们识别出4种吞咽压类型。压力的发生时机提示舌面接触硬腭对咽部分期有影响。

Purpose : The tongue contacts to the hard palate during the pharyngeal stage of swallowing. This is essential for swallowing safety. Purpose of this study is to make up a system to measure the pressure of tongue and pharynx at a time.Methods : Ten healthy volunteers (four male and six female) with mean age of 25.5 years old (range 20-34 years old) were examined. The infusion type pressure measuring and analyzing system PowerLab (ADInstrument inc.) was used. The micro silicon tubes (IMG inc.) were installed into the experimental palatal plate for the tongue pressure sensors at the four points to measure the pressure of the four section of the tongue ; anterior (Ch.1), middle (Ch.2), posterior (Ch.3) and right or left lateral (Ch.4) sections of tongue. The manometer had some sensors to measure the pressure at the upper esophageal and the 5mm upper point from it. With this system, we measured the tongue and pharyngeal pressure during swallowing saliva.Results : The mean of the maximal pressure and the occurring timing of the pressure of each measuring points were analyzed. The subjects were identified 4 patterns by the rank order of the maximal value. Tongue pressure almost always appeared simultaneously with pharyngeal pressures appearance.Conclusion : The intra-individual variation of the pressure was small, and we identified 4 types of swallowing pressure. The occurring timing of the pressure was suggested that contact of the tongue against the hard palate affect to pharyngeal stage.