Developmental and Clinical Study of body Schema and Self Cognition in Children with Mild Developmental Disorders

在本研究中，我们首先讨论了轻度发育障碍儿童的身体图式特征（特别是运动协调和人体图形绘制；身体图式的代表），然后详细描述了典型的11种笨拙（神经软体征）测试的技术、观察点、年龄标准和临床意义，以及利手性发展的临床意义。基于这些讨论和描述的背景，我们计划并执行了以下3种类型的调查，有关于(1)在正常儿童执行Rey-Osterrieth复杂图形（ROCF）和人体绘画测试期间观察到的运动协调发展，(2)精细和大运动测试的表现(手指排序，双足运动，脚跟-脚趾敲击，静态平衡，轻度发育障碍（阿斯伯格综合征、高功能自闭症、ADHD、LD）儿童的动态平衡和手指失认症；(3)正常儿童、青少年和老年人身体形象概念子集（人体绘画和身体形象满意度）之间的关系。从这些调查结果中，我们注意到(1)我们应该考虑对轻度残疾儿童进行的ROCF和人体绘画测试的管理程序和组织策略；(2)大动作测试如脚尖敲打和动态平衡对一些与身体图式损伤有关的细微运动异常比精细运动测试更敏感。(3)被认为是身体图式概念一部分的身体形象子集之间没有一致的关系。

In this research, we firstly discussed the characteristics of the body schema(especially motor coordination and the human figure drawing; representatives of the body schema) in children with mild developmental disorders and next described in detail the technique, observation points, age-criteria and clinical significance of typical 11 kinds of tests of clumsiness (soft neurological signs), in addition to a clinical significance of the development of the handedness. Based on a context of these discussion and description, we planed and executed the following 3 types of investigations, there were about (1)development of the motor coordination observed during the execution of the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure(ROCF) and the Human Drawing tests in normal children,(2) performance on the fine and gross motor tests(finger sequencing, diadochokinesis, heel-toe tapping, static balance, dynamic balance and finger agnosia) in children with mild developmental disorders (Asperger's syndrome, High function autism, ADHD, LD), and (3)relationship among subsets of the body image concept(the human drawing and the satisfaction of the body image) in normal children, adolescents and the elderly. From the results of these investigations, we oticed that (1)we should consider the administration procedures and the organization strategies on the ROCF and Human Drawing tests administered to the mild disabled children, (2)the gross motor tests such as the heel-toe tapping and dynamic balance are more sensitive to some subtle motor abnormalities concerned with a damage of the body schema rather than the fine motor tests, (3)there is no consistent relationship among the subsets of the body image which is considered as a part of the body schema concept.