Modular instrument package for aerosol optical properties and cloud condensation nuclei activity

该成套仪器将能够在Halo飞机飞行任务的高时间和空间分辨率下对气溶胶光学特性和云凝聚核(CCN)激活进行现场测量。测量的参数将是：多波长的气溶胶散射和吸收系数、黑碳当量质量浓度、CCN数浓度和效率随水蒸气过饱和度和颗粒直径(CCN谱)的函数。先进的测量技术和仪器将在Halo上开发、调整和集成。在本课题组研制并应用于地面测量的原型系统的基础上，将新设计一台多通道CCN计数器，在高时间分辨率下测量CCN浓度和效率的过饱和度和尺寸依赖关系。光学技术，其中大多数也已经在我们的小组中使用，将在灵敏度和时间分辨率方面进行优化。该成套仪器将用于研究气溶胶对大气过程和气候的影响，如示范飞行任务ACRIDICON和后续项目所预见的那样。这些结果对于了解和量化人为和自然气溶胶对地球能量平衡和水文循环的直接和间接影响至关重要。此外，个别模块可以而且将用于补充不侧重于气溶胶性质但受其影响的飞行任务，如NARVAL演示飞行任务和其他研究云和降水的飞行任务(例如海王星)。

The instrument package will enable in situ measurements of aerosol optical properties and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activation at high temporal and spatial resolution on HALO aircraft missions. The measured parameters will be: aerosol scattering and absorption coefficients at multiple wavelengths, black carbon equivalent mass concentrations, CCN number concentrations and efficiencies as a function of water vapour supersaturation and particle diameter (CCN spectra). Advanced measurement techniques and instrumentation will be developed, adapted, and integrated on HALO. A multi-channel CCN counter measuring the supersaturation and size dependence of CCN concentration and efficiency at high time resolution will be newly designed on the basis of a prototype system developed and applied in our group for ground-based measurements. The optical techniques, most of which are also already used in our group, will be optimized with regard to sensitivity and time resolution. The instrument package will be used to study the impact of aerosols on atmospheric processes and climate, as foreseen in the demo mission ACRIDICON and follow-up projects. The results will be essential for understanding and quantifying the direct and indirect effects of anthropogenic and natural aerosols on the Earth’s energy balance and hydrological cycle. Moreover, individual modules can and shall be used to complement missions which are not focused on but influenced by aerosol properties, such as the demo mission NARVAL and other missions investigating clouds and precipitation (e.g., NEPTUN).