Study on Information Management for Urban Earthquake Disaster Mitigation

城市近场地震发生后，震害信息在救援、减灾、恢复重建等灾害管理过程中发挥着重要作用。本研究的目的是开发一个包括信息收集、分析、通知和利用的信息系统，本研究项目已经进行了4年，共有11名成员。我们选取了几个地震发生后的时间域和空间域的研究对象。选定的分主题如下：a）应急反应和灾害信息管理/ B）受害者信息/ c）灾害中少数民族信息/ d）灾害受害者通信系统/ e）社区预防信息/ f）城市社区重建信息/ g）市政当局收集损失信息/ h）火灾信息/ i）灾害中的医疗信息/ j）日常生活中断信息/ k）城市重建信息。B）至f）的分主题是受害者的问题，g）至k）的分主题是从相应组织的角度来探讨的。分题f）和k）处理的是同样的城市重建问题，但居民和地方政府的立场不同。在每个分题中，通过重新整理包括坂神淡路地震在内的以往灾害的灾害信息，明确了需要解决的问题和信息需求。提出了利用现有的邮政系统和火灾信息管理系统FEMaS的灾害薄弱环节的安全确认系统、灾害受害者双向通信系统。项目结束时，发表了最后报告。

Damage information plays an important role in the disaster management process, such as rescue, damage mitigation, restoration and reconstruction, after a near field earthquake immediately beneath an urban area. The purpose of this study is to develop information system including collection, analysis, notification and utilization of information.This research project have been carrid out for 4 years with 11 members. We selected several subjects to be investigated in time and space domain after the earthquake occurrence. Selected sub-themes are as follows :a) Emergency response and disaster information management/ b) Information for victims/ c) Information for minorities in disaster/ d) Communication system for disaster victims/ e) Preventive information in community/ f) Information for urban community reconstruction/ g) Damage information collection in municipal authorities/ h) Fire in formation/ i) Medical information in disaster/ j) Information of daily living disruption/ k) Information for urban reconstruction. Sub-themes of b) to f) are problems in victims and those of g) to k) are approached by the standpoint of corresponding organizations. Sub-themes f) and k) treated same problems of urban reconstruction but standpoints were different as residents and local government.In each sub-theme, based on re-arrangement of disaster information in past disasters including the Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake, problems to be solved and needs for information are clarified. Safety Conformation System for the Disaster Weak, Bilateral Communication System for Disaster Victims utilizing existing postal delivering system and Fire Information Management System, FEMaS, are proposed. The end of the project period the final report was published.