Separation Properties and Evaluation of Smart Membrane

本研究项目所获得的结果总结如下：1。顺规聚苯乙烯（sPS）在不同的制备条件下可以形成四种不同的晶体。8型络合物由TTGG螺旋sPS链和一些有机分子作为客体组成。通过释放客体分子，使其保持立体结构并形成sPS链，8型络合物转化为中间相，名古屋工业大学工程研究生院副教授具有“分子腔”。建立了一种较好的制备sps中间相的方法。中间相结构（尺寸、形状在0.01 nm量级）可以通过使用客体分子如甲苯、二甲苯异构体和氯仿来控制。吸附实验显示了中间相的优先吸附特性。另一方面，一类sPS由TT共形链组成，呈现沿sPS TT链连接的分子间空间，可以说是“分子…更大的毛细血管”。本文还建立了a型sPS晶体的制备方法和磁场定向方法。在sPS的形态晶体中，首先发现气体渗透系数随结晶度的增加而增加，当气体分子作为渗透剂的横截面积大于“分子毛细管”的横截面积时，就不可能渗透通过，说明含有sPS的形态膜是智能膜。采用渗透汽化法，合成了由PDMS和PMMA组成的接枝和嵌段共聚物，制备了具有选择性分离水溶液中挥发性有机化合物的高性能膜。有机化合物的分离性能很大程度上取决于这些共聚物膜的微相分离结构，而对膜表面进行化学改性和引入杯芳烃作为分子腔是提高其分离性能的有效技术。最终，苯/水的分离系数达到5000以上。少

The results obtained in this research project are summarized as below descriptions.1. Syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS) can take four different crystals under the various conditions of their preparations. The 8 form complex consists of the TTGG helical sPS chains and some organic molecules as a guest. By releasing the guest molecules in kept the steric structure and formation of sPS chains, the 8 form complex converts to the mesophase, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Graduate School of Engineering, Associate Professor which has "molecular cavity". A good method of preparation of the sPS-mesophase was established. The mesophase structure (size, shape in 0.01 nm order) can control by using guest molecules such as toluene, xyleneisomers, and chloroform. The sorption experiments showed preference sorption properties of the mesophase. On the other hand, a form of sPS is consisted by TT conformed chains and presents the intermolecular spaces connected along sPS TT chains, it can be said "molecu … More lar capillary". The preparation and orientation by magnetic field of the a form crystal of sPS were also established in this study. In a form crystal of sPS, it's firstly discovered that the gas permeation coefficients increased with crystallinity, and when the cross-section area of the gas molecule as a penetrant was bigger than that of "molecular capillary", permeation through there is impossible, indicating a form containing sPS membrane is a smart membrane.2. The graft and block copolymers made of PDMS and PMMA were synthesized in order to get the high-performance membrane having the selectively separation of VOCs from aqueous solution by pervaporation method. VOC's separation performance was strongly depend on the micro-phase separation structures of these copolymer membranes, further, the chemical modification of membrane surface and the introduction of calixarene as a molecular cavity were effective techniques for the high performance. Finally, the separation factor of benzene/water was reached over 5,000. Less