Neuroscience of Music

日本教育、文化、科学、体育和技术部（MECSST）在20世纪90年代初启动的“卓越中心（COE）”项目的主要目标是为被认为有能力发展成为世界级研究中心的超级精选研究小组提供重点支持（Science 269:474, 1995）。因此，为COE项目选择的项目负责人不仅负责开展常规研究项目，还负责在他/她的指导下建立研究所。“音乐的神经科学”项目成功地在人类脑科学领域建立了这样一个世界级的研究所。它的主要目的是基于各种最先进的非侵入性成像技术，对“人类思维”进行科学描述。具有代表性的硬件开发是独特的3.0T垂直人体MRI系统。在虚拟现实环境下，该系统获得了美国仪器与控制工程学会（SICE） 2000年技术奖，作为世界上唯一能够在“真正”生理条件下提供大脑功能的系统，正在产生大量不可或缺的数据。该项目开发的新算法的代表性例子是轴突和神经元成像。采用更高分辨率的成像方法，该算法在亚微米水平上提供了显著高的解剖分辨率。本项目开发的基于高阶统计量的独立分量-交叉相关-序列历元（ICS）分析方法，已成功地将非侵入性皮层分析的能力提高到相当于非人类灵长类动物针头研究的水平。“真”显微镜目前正在开发中，用于7.0T人体系统。利用超级计算机上的k空间统计，实时功能MRI也接近完成。对个别调查的详细描述超出了本摘要的范围。原则上，研究的重点是阐明人类特定大脑功能（如语言、抽象思维或惯用手）的大脑功能组织。在寻找高级脑功能的基本主要单位的努力中，建立了“自组织联想记忆”概念，称为“大脑漩涡理论”，并演变为新的项目“水分子神经科学”，其主要目标是科学地证明这一理论。少

The main objective of the "Center of Excellence (COE)" project launched by the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Science, Sports, and Technology (MECSST) in the early 1990's was to provide focused support to super select research groups deemed capable of developing into world-class research centers (Science 269:474, 1995). Accordingly, the project leaders selected for COE projects were responsible not only for carrying out conventional research projects but also for establishing an institute under his/her guidance. This program "Neuroscience of Music" has successfully created such a world-class institute in the field of human brain science. Its major aim is the scientific description of the "human mind" based on various state-of-the-art, advanced technologies in non-invasive imaging. A representative hardware development is the unique 3.0T vertical human MRI system. Under a virtual reality environment, this system, which received the 2000 Technology Award from the Society of Ins … More trument and Control Engineering (SICE), is producing a large number of indispensable data as the only system in the world capable of providing brain functionality under "truly" physiological conditions. Representative examples of new algorithms developed by this project are axonal and neuronal imaging. With the higher resolution imaging method, this algorithm has provided significantly high anatomical resolution at the sub-micron level. The Independent component-Cross correlation-Sequential epoch (ICS) analysis method developed in this project, based on higher order statistics, has successfully increased the capability of non-invasive cortical analysis at a level equivalent to needle studies in non-human primate. "True" microscopy is now under development with the 7.0T human system. Real-time functional MRI is also near completion, making use of k-space statistics on supercomputers. A detailed description of the individual investigations is above the scope of this summary. In principle, studies are focused on the elucidation of brain functional organization of human-specific brain functions such as language, abstract thinking, or handedness. Efforts in search for the basic principal unit of higher brain function have forged the establishment of "self-organizing associative memory" concept, referred to as "Vortex Theory of the Brain", and evolved into the new project "Neuroscience of Water Molecule" the main objective of which is to scientifically prove this theory. Less