Constructive journalism. Empirical analyses of the potential effects of a new form of journalism

政治媒体的报道集中在问题和冲突上，因此语气非常消极。这种以问题为中心的报道给公众带来的后果包括恐惧和愤怒等负面情绪，对政治的负面和两极分化的判断，以及不愿参与解决社会问题。因此，作为既定的、以问题为中心的新闻的替代方案，建设性新闻已经被讨论了好几年，它的目的不仅是讨论政治和社会问题，还讨论社会问题的成功和可能的解决方案，这样不仅应该促进社会参与，同时也应该促进对新闻的信任。然而，如果回顾以往关于建设性新闻的研究，就会发现，1)没有系统地发展建设性新闻的定义，2)几乎没有从理论上反映建设性新闻可能产生的影响，3)几乎没有对建设性新闻的影响及其先决条件和边界条件进行系统的研究。基于建设性新闻的工作定义，即以平衡和事实的方式报道社会相关问题及其解决方法的新闻，本项目申请的目的是a)从理论上模拟建设性新闻对情绪的影响；接受者的认知和行为（意图），以及b)实证检验这些影响及其先决条件（建设性新闻的内容和使用）和边界条件（问题和接受者的特征）。这将在三个模块中完成：模块A（内容）使用手动定量内容分析来检查媒体如何将自己归类为社会相关主题的建设性新闻报道，以及这与既定新闻媒体的报道有何不同。在模块B（潜在用途）中，使用实验调查来确定在具体决策情况下更喜欢建设性新闻而不是以问题为中心的媒体报道的受众规模，以及这取决于哪些边界条件。该项目的核心是模块C（效果），其中建设性新闻的各个维度（平衡，实事求是，提出解决方案）对不同问题和不同倾向的人的具体影响将在2x2x2x2析因实验设计的帮助下进行检查。第四个模块D（出版和转移）用于在科学，新闻和社会中传播项目成果。

Political media coverage focuses on problems and conflicts and is therefore strongly negative in tone. The consequences of this problem-focused reporting for the public range from negative emotions such as fear and anger to negative and polarized judgments about politics and a reluctance to participate in solving social problems. As an alternative to established, problem-focused journalism, constructive journalism has therefore been discussed for several years, which aims to discuss not only political and social problems but also successes and possible solutions to social problems and in this way should not only promote social engagement, but at the same time promote trust in journalism. However, if one looks at the previous research on constructive journalism, it becomes clear that 1) there is no systematically developed definition of constructive journalism, 2) the possible effects of constructive journalism have hardly been theoretically reflected and 3) hardly any systematic research on the effects of constructive journalism and its prerequisites and boundary conditions was carried out. Based on a working definition of constructive journalism as journalism that reports in a balanced and factual manner on socially relevant problems and ways to solve them, the aim of the project applied for here is a) to theoretically model the effects of constructive journalism on the emotions, cognitions and behavior (intents) of the recipients and b) to empirically examine these effects as well as their prerequisites (content and use of constructive journalism) and boundary conditions (characteristics of issues and recipients). This is to be done in three modules: Module A (content) uses a manual quantitative content analysis to examine how media that classify themselves as constructive journalism report on socially relevant topics and how this differs from the reporting of established news media. In Module B (potential use), an experimental survey is used to determine the size of the audience that prefers constructive journalism to problem-centric media reporting in a concrete decision-making situation and on which boundary conditions this depends. The core of the project is Module C (effects), in which the specific effects of the various dimensions of constructive journalism (balance, matter-of-factness, presenting solutions) on different issues and on people with different predispositions are to be examined with the help of a 2x2x2x2-factorial experimental design. The fourth module D (publications and transfer) serves to communicate the project results in science, journalism and society.