Development and architecture of the nervous system in Cephalocarida and Mystacocarida - Testing the monophyly of Crustacea

该项目继续使用各种免疫组织化学技术，研究头壳类和壳壳类两种甲壳类动物神经系统的结构和发育。有人认为这两个分类群都是“原始”甲壳类动物（即具有大量的多形特征），并且Mystacocarida甚至是所有其他颚目动物的姐妹类群（暗示甲壳类动物的类）。本文将采用抗乙酰化α-微管蛋白和酪氨酸化α-微管蛋白和抗突触素的抗体染色方法，研究大鼠哈钦soniella macracantha （Cephalocarida）、deocheilocaris remanei和典型鼠哈钦soniella typica （Mystacocarida）神经系统的发育。此外，单个血清素、FMRFamide和组胺免疫反应神经元将被表征，以揭示同源细胞模式。这种性质的免疫组织化学技术现已在各种节肢动物和潜在的姐妹类群中建立起来，并允许类群之间的最大可比性。此外，将结合免疫组织化学技术研究even-skip的基因表达模式，以鉴定在六足动物与甲壳动物关系的争论中发挥重要作用的单个先锋神经元。在所有这些方面，对头足类和粘足类的研究将填补我们对深部节肢动物和最终深层后生动物系统发育的理解的重要空白。

The project continues to investigate the architecture and development of the nervous system in two crustacean taxa, Cephalocarida and Mystacocarida, using various kinds of immunohistochemical techniques. It has been suggested that both taxa are “primitive” crustaceans (i.e. characterized by a high number of plesiomorphic characters), and that Mystacocarida is even the sister group of all other Mandibulata (implying the paraphyly of Crustacea). The development of the nervous system in Hutchinsoniella macracantha (Cephalocarida), in Derocheilocaris remanei and in D. typica (Mystacocarida) will be studied using antibody staining against acetylated and tyrosinated α-tubulin and against synapsin. In addition, single serotonin, FMRFamide and histamine immunoreactive neurons will be characterized in order to reveal homologous cell patterns. Immunohistochemical techniques of this nature are now well established in various arthropods and potential sistergroups and allow maximum comparability between taxa. In addition, the gene expression pattern of even-skipped will be studied in combination with immunohistochemical techniques in order to identify single pioneer neurons which have played an important role in the debate on hexapod-crustacean relationships. In all these respects this study of cephalocarids and mystacocarids will fill important gaps in our understanding of deep arthropod and ultimately deep metazoan phylogeny.