Contribution of the cortico-hippocampal neuro-glial network to memory processing during sleep

复杂运动任务的学习改变了初级运动皮层（M1）的局部网络活动，在随后的睡眠中大量排练，并与记忆痕迹的区域间（即皮质-纹状体-海马）重组有关。除了神经元外，这一过程还严重依赖星形细胞钙信号传导。然而，在随后的清醒和睡眠中参与记忆形成的协调神经胶质活动的学习依赖的体内模式仍不清楚。本项目使用慢性体内成像技术，以脑状态特异性的方式，研究复杂轮式学习任务前、中、后以及睡眠前后海马M1和CA1区的神经元和星形胶质钙信号。框架假说认为，不同的大脑状态，即清醒、非快速眼动和快速眼动睡眠，以不同的神经胶质网络活动模式为特征，这些活动模式被先前的运动学习所改变。具体来说，我们测试了学习表现、潜在的任务特定活动模式和区域间局部场电位（lfp）是如何受到急性训练后睡眠和睡眠剥夺的影响的，以及在训练后类似但不相同的任务中，网络活动是如何被重新激活的，这需要概括作为要点抽象的一种形式。综上所述，我们的数据将为复杂运动学习背后的神经元和神经胶质之间的体内相互作用以及睡眠对其的巩固提供前所未有的见解。

Learning of complex motor tasks modifies local network activity in the primary motor cortex (M1), is substantially rehearsed during subsequent sleep and is associated with an interregional (i.e., cortico-striato-hippocampal) reorganization of the memory trace. In addition to neurons, this process critically depends on astrocytic calcium signalling. However, the learning-dependent in vivo patterns of coordinated neuro-glial activity, involved in memory formation during subsequent wake and sleep, remain unclear. Using chronic in vivo imaging this project studies, in a brain-state specific manner, neuronal and astroglial calcium signalling in M1 and the CA1 area of the hippocampus before, during and immediately after the complex wheel learning task as well as during preceding and subsequent sleep. The framing hypothesis is that the different brain states, i.e., wakefulness, NonREM and REM sleep, are characterized by distinct activity patterns of the neuro‐glial network which are changed by prior motor learning. Specifically, we test how learning performance, underlying task-specific activity patterns and interregional local field potentials (LFPs) are influenced by acute post-training sleep and sleep deprivation, and how network activity is re-activated post-training in a similar but not identical task, requiring generalization as a form of gist abstraction. Taken together our data shall provide an unprecedented insight into the in vivo interactions between neurons and neuroglia underlying complex motor learning and its consolidation by sleep.