Comparative institutional analysis on EU-NAFTA-APEC

本研究项目基于一桥大学与巴黎第一大学于1995年在巴黎签订的学术合作协议。本研究的主要目的是对欧盟-北美自由贸易协定-亚太经合组织这三个最活跃的区域经济组织的制度进行比较分析。欧盟最初是以关税同盟为基础的，其最终目标被认为是一些欧洲国家的经济和政治一体化。事实上，它们在1999年就已经实现了彼此的单一货币制度。另一方面，北美自由贸易协定只是一个自由贸易联盟，亚太经合组织准备在2020年前成为自由贸易联盟。此外，在机构方面，欧盟与欧洲理事会、(部长理事会)、欧洲委员会、欧洲议会、法院和欧洲中央银行组织得非常好。欧盟制度的动态发展具有明显的超国家性特征。另一方面，北美自由贸易协定和亚太经合组织还不是严格意义上的真正的国际组织，从制度上看，它们目前是相互追求自由贸易和自由投资的简单国家联盟。由于这些原因，本研究的大部分工作都集中在欧盟。

This research project is based on the Agreement of academic co operations between Hitotsubashi University and University of Paris I which is concluded in 1995 in Paris. The main object of this research is to analyze comparatively the institutions of the most active regional economic organizations EU-NAFTA-APEC.In the beginning it is necessary to remark the considerable differences between EU and other two regional economic organizations in their fundamental aspects. EU is originally based on the customs union and its final object is esteemed to be an economic and political integration of some European countries. As a matter of fact they have already realized a single currency system each other in 1999. On the other side NAFTA is only a free trade association and APEC is preparing to become a free trade association until 2020. Also in their institutional aspect EU is remarkably well organized with European Council, Council(of Ministers), European Commission, European Parliament, Court of Justice and European Central Bank. The dynamic institutional development of EU is remarkable with its supranational character. NAFTA and APEC, on the other hand, are not yet real international organizations in strict sense, and from institutional view point they are at present simple associations of states which aim free trades and free investments each other. By these reasons most work of this research is concentrated for EU.