Investigation of efficient electro chemical reactor utilizing hydrogen

在不久的将来，氢被认为是生产热、电、动力能源和工业中最重要的能源之一。氢的一种有效利用是在燃料电池（FC_s）上的应用，作为一种未来应用的高效发电系统，燃料电池已被积极研究。本文主要研究固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC_s）和聚合物电解质燃料电池（PEFC_s）燃料侧的化学反应。Ni-YSZ（钇稳定氧化锆）金属陶瓷是sofc系统中最常用的燃料电极材料。由于SOFC在1000℃左右运行，它允许燃料电池内碳氢化合物的重整（内部重整）。通过内部重整反应产生的氢和一氧化碳可与氧化离子反应，直接用作燃料。在发电实验中，通过气相分析获得了内部重整的信息。虽然蒸汽重整和CO2重整是甲烷燃料SOFC发电的合适方法，但当ch4浓度超过蒸汽或CO2浓度时，阳极上的积碳会导致催化剂失活。在乙烯和乙烷燃料SOFC的情况下，也观察到碳沉积和发电劣化。然而，这种恶化是不可逆的，并且在去除阳极上沉积的碳后，电池的性能不会恢复。甲醇燃料SOFC在没有碳沉积的情况下表现出优异的性能，甲醇被认为是PEFC应用中最理想的在室温下以液体形式存在的化学品。建立了甲醇的S组重整制氢工艺。然而，转化燃料中少量的CO会使PEFC中的Pt电极变质，严重降低电池性能。Cu/A12O3-ZnO在甲醇蒸汽转化气中表现出良好的脱CO活性。然而，在低温下，催化活性不足，无法达到接近平衡的状态。这表明仅通过WGSR很难脱除重整气中的少量CO。在醇后重整气中加入少量的02可有效提高CO氧化脱除效果。少

Hydrogen is regarded as one of the most important energy sources to Produce heat, electricity, power energy and in dustries in the near future.One efficient utilization of hydregen is an application to fuel cells (FC_s)which have been act ively investigated as an efficient power generationsystem for the future application. The present investigation focused o n the chemical reaction at the fuel side of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC_s) andpolymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFC_s).Ni-YSZ (yttria-stabilized zirconia) cermet has been most popularlyemployed as a fuel electrode material in the SOF C system. Since the SOFC is operated around 1000ﾟC, it allows reforming of hydrocarbons within the fuelcell (internal ref orming). Hydrogen and carbon monoxide, produced throughthe internal reforming reaction, can react with oxide ions and be directlyused as the fuel. Information on the internal reforming was obtained from the gas phase analysis during the power generation experiments. Al thoughsteam r … More eforming and CO2 reforming of methane are suitable way to generateelectrical power from methane fueled SOFC, carbon deposition on the anodeleads to deactivation of the catalyst when the concentration of C H4 is excess to steam or CO2. The carbon deposition and deterioration of the power generation was also observed in the case of ethylene and ethane fueled SOFC.However, this deterioration was irreversible and the performance of the cell was not recovered after removal of the deposited carbon on theanode. Methanol fueled SOFC demonstrated excellent performance with out the carbon depositionMethanol is regarded as most desirable chemical existing as liquid at ambient temperature for PEFC applications. S team reforming of methanol is established as hydrogen production technology. However, a small amount of CO in the reformed fuel deteriorates a Pt electrode in the PEFC and the cell performance is lowered heavily. Cu/A12O3-ZnO demonstratedexcelle nt activity for CO removal in the methanol steam reformed gas viawater gas shift reaction (WGSR). However, the catalytic activity is insufficient at low temperature to attain the situation close to the equilibrium. This indicates that removal o f the slight amount of CO in the reformed gas is difficult only through WGSR.A small amount of 02 additionto the post-met hanol reforming gas was effective to enhance the CO removalthrough CO oxidation. Less