Analyzes of daily activity of elderly using a portable device for monitoring cardiovascular parameters together with human postures

本项目设计了一种结合人体姿态的心血管参数动态监测原型系统，并将其应用于老年人日常生活中的活动评估。该系统主要由两部分组成；一种是无创测量血压（BP）和心输出量（CO），分别基于容积示波法和经胸电导纳法。另一种是采用电磁测斜仪的动态人体姿态监测。通过对健康受试者的系统性能测试，确认该装置能够监测日常生活中血流动力学的昼夜变化以及受试者的详细姿势变化。利用该系统，对两个主要课题进行了研究；一是日常活动对心血管参数日变化的影响，二是老年人日常活动的定量评估。为了评估日常活动对这些参数昼夜波动的影响，我们对8名健康受试者（男5名，女3名）进行了48小时*动态监测实验。在实验的第一天，受试者进行正常的日常活动，而在第二天，他们在床下休息，并有洗手间的特权。从所获得的结果可以看出，昼夜节律波动不仅在血压，而且在。CO和其他参数，如外周阻力，甚至在第二天也观察到这些波动，这表明不仅身体活动，而且精神和心理压力也可能是昼夜节律波动的原因。为分析老年人日常体态变化，选取年龄在71 ~ 83岁之间的8名女性受试者，进行了日常生活状态下10小时体态监测实验。通过直方图和动画数据分析得到的数据清楚地表明，住院、保健设施、有家人或无家人等生活条件对受试者的姿势变化和活动有强烈的影响，如住院受试者的姿势变化和活动显著低于其他受试者，有家人的家庭的姿势变化和活动显著低于无家人的家庭。这些结果提示，要预防所谓的“卧床老人”，应仔细考虑生活条件。少

In this project, a prototype system for ambulatory monitoring of cardiovascular parameters together with human postures was devised and applied for assessing activity of elderly in daily life. The system consisted mainly of two parts ; one is for noninvasively measuring blood pressure (BP) and cardiac output (CO) based on volume oscillometric and transthoracic electrical admittance method, respectively. The other is for ambulatory human posture monitor using electromagnetic inclinometers. Through the system performance tests using healthy subjects, it was confirmed that the device was capable of monitoring diurnal haemodynamic change in daily life together with detailed posture change in the subject. Using this system, two main subjects were investigated ; one is effect of daily activity on diurnal change in cardiovascular parameters and the other is quantitative assessment of daily activity in elderly.To evaluate effect of daily activity on circadian fluctuation of the parameters, exp … More eriments for 48-hour *mbulatory monitoring were carried out using 8 healthy subjects (5 males and 3 females). On the first day of the experiment, the subjects were under normal daily activity, while on the second day, they were under bed rest with bathroom privileges. From the results obtained, it was demonstrated that circadian fluctuations were observed not only in BP, but also in. CO and other parameters such as peripheral resistance, and these fluctuations were also observed even in the second day, suggesting not only physical activity but also mental and psychological stress could be a cause of the circadian fluctuations.To analyze daily posture change of elderly, experiments of 10-hours' monitoring of posture under Daily life were performed using 8 female subjects aged from 71 to 83. From the data obtained by histogram and animation data analysis, it was clearly demonstrated that the living condition such as, in hospital, in facility of health care services, in home with or without family, strongly affect the subject's posture change and activity, e.g., those of the subjects in hospital were significantly lower than the others, and those of the subjects in home with family were lower than those without family. These results suggest that to prevent so called "bedridden elderly", living condition should be carefully considered. Less