Chemical Biology of Parasitic Wasps

(1)从扁桃蛾（Cadra cautella）、印度粉蛾（Plodia interpunctella）、欧洲粉蛾（Anagasta kuehniella）和烟蛾（Ephestia elutella） 4种苔蛾的粪便中纯化了诱导产卵行为的kairomone成分，并对其化学结构进行了研究。各物种的Kairomone组分由不同链长和不饱和的2-酰基-环己烷-1,3-二酮同源物组成，不仅在定性上存在差异，而且在定量上也存在差异。鉴定了3个新的2-酰基环己烷-1,3-二酮的同源物。(2)从杏仁蛾（Cadra cautalla）的粪便中分离出nonan-4-olide，作为一种随机运动增强成分，可以抑制寄生蜂Venturia canescens。建立了一种EAG装置来评价胡蜂的活性，并证实了该装置测量胡蜂活性的可行性。(3)从杏仁蛾Cadra cautella的粪便中分离到一种具有麻醉寄主幼虫作用的拟寄主小飞蛾，鉴定其结构为9,10-二羟基顺式-12-八烯酸，首次在动物中发现。(4)利用寄主烟甲虫Lasioderma serricorne的茧提取液，纯化了与gallicola大头蛾（Cepharonomia gallicola）寻找寄主行为有关的Kairomone成分。一组成分被认为是脂肪酸的类固醇酯，另一组是三酰基甘油酯，具有三个以上的不饱和。

(1) From feces of four species of phycitid moth, the almond moth Cadra cautella, the Indian meal moth Plodia interpunctella, the European flour moth Anagasta kuehniella and the Tobacco moth Ephestia elutella, kairomone components responsible for eliciting egg-laying behavior were purified and their chemical structures were studied. Kairomone components of each species consisted of a mixture of 2-acyl-cyclohexane-1,3-dione homologues with various chain length and unsaturation, and differed each other not only qualitatively but also quanrtitatively. Three new homologues of 2-acyl-cyclohexane-1,3-dione was identified.(2) From feces of the almond moth Cadra cautalla, nonan-4-olide was isolated as a random-movement-enhancing components against the parasitic wasp Venturia canescens. An EAG device was established to evaluate the activity of the wasp, and was confirmed for its feasibility to measure the activity of wasp.(3) A kairomone responsible for a parasitoid Bracon hebetor taking a position to anesthetize host larva was isolated from feces of the almond moth Cadra cautella and the structure was identified as 9,10-dihydroxy-cis-12-octabecenoic acid, which was the first example present in animal origin.(4) Kairomone components responsible for host searching behavior of the parasitoid Cepharonomia gallicola were purified using extracts derived from cocoon of the host cigarette beetle Lasioderma serricorne. One group of components were suggested as steroid esters of fatty acids and the others as triacylgycerols with more than three unsaturation.