A Comparative Study of Historical Geography on Modern Rectangular Land Survey for Agriculture and Colonization

在研究了比格专员的报告后，一项新的殖民政策从伦敦传到了新南威尔士州，将整个领土划分为大约40平方英里的“县”、大约100平方英里的“百”和大约25平方英里的“教区”，并在1825年设立了一平方英里的“区”。除1836-1842年期间的南澳大利亚外，1825年至1850年代期间的“县”、“百”、“教区”和一英里平方“区”的调查等级应该在所有澳大利亚殖民地进行。但各殖民地土地测量的过程和结果由于自然条件和社会条件、总督和测量长的性格，或两者兼而有之，各有不同。分区，教区，数百个县被划分出来，但矩形土地测量系统本身并不成功，并于1855年决定放弃。其失败的主要原因是测量师米切尔和奥克斯利的矩形土地测量的消极态度，这是不准确的。到1829年，县、县和教区都有了规划，但由于地形特点和1834年测量师弗兰克兰（Frankland）的报告，由于森林茂密，矩形区域没有布局。澳大利亚西部;他们划分了很长的土地，但一英里见方的区域、教区和数百个地方却没有。规划了县，但没有实施。测量长罗伊继续向1852年的殖民秘书解释这种土地测量的必要性；数百个县几乎完全被规划好了，但教区却没有。由于为建立殖民地而进行的有系统的殖民，这些矩形分配的大小大不相同。除了在新南威尔士州州长伯克和吉普斯以及测量员霍德尔的领导下，以一英里平方区域为基础的测量等级制度得到了最彻底的实施。这种情况在维多利亚殖民地也没有明显不同。

A new colonial policy came to N.S.W. from London after the examination of Commissioner Bigg's Reports, to divide the whole territory into about 40 miles square "counties", about 100 square miles "hundreds" and about 25 square miles "parishes", and to set one mile square "sections" in 1825. The survey hierarchy of "county", "hundred", "parish" and one mile square "section" should have been carried out in all of the Australian colonies from 1825 to the 1850's, excepting South Australia during 1836-1842. But the process and result of land surveys in each colony were quite different from each other due to physical and social conditions, the characters of the Governor and Surveyor General, or some combination.N.S.W.; Sections, parishes, some hundreds, counties were laid out at any rate, but the rectangular land survey system itself was not successful and decided to be abandoned in 1855. The main reasons why it broke down were negative attitude of Surveyor General Mitchell and Oxley's rectangular land survey which was not accurate.Tasmania; Counties, hundreds and parishes were planned by 1829, but rectangular sections were not laid out because of physical features and thick forest as reported by Surveyor General Frankland in 1834.Western Australia; Long allotments were laid out, but one mile square sections, parishes and hundreds were not. Counties were planned but not implemented. Surveyor General Roe continued to explain the necessity of such land surveys to the colonial secretary to 1852.S.A.; Hundreds, counties were laid out nearly completely but parishes were not. Sizes of the rectangular allotments were quite different because of the systematic colonization for the foundation of the colony.Victoria; The survey hierarchy based on one mile square sections was most completely carried out except hundreds, under the Governors Bourke and Gipps of N.S.W. and Surveyor Hoddle. This situation was not significantly different in the colony of Victoria.