Organic-Inorganic Interactions in Kupferschiefer – How did organic matter control mineralization?

有机质(OM)经常与矿床有关，但在很大程度上不被认为是共生因素。因此，需要新的基本观点来阐明有机-无机相互作用在矿床形成中的作用。这项建议的目的是研究“Kupferschiefer系统”中OM对成矿过程的影响，该系统提供了利用基于尖端分析技术的多代理方法来“模拟”更广泛的层状贱金属硫化物矿床图景的潜力。自中世纪以来，“Kupferschiefer系统”在经济上占有重要地位。今天，波兰的采矿活动仍然存在，而德国的采矿活动基本上已经停止。然而，对于开采斯普尔伯格矿藏(萨克森州勃兰登堡)有一些考虑，目前图林根州的钻探活动再次开始。德国和波兰的Kupferschiefer系统的一个特殊特征是，它在很大程度上没有被升高的热应力叠印，因此可以对OM进行有机地球化学和成像分析。正是勃兰登堡南部、萨克森-安哈尔特和巴伐利亚西北部的低热成熟度(主要是早期石油窗口)使库普费舍夫成为一个合适的天然实验室，通过外推，甚至对于热成熟度较高的较老系统也是一个潜在的类似物，因此可以改进勘探、评估和开采工作。拟议的多代理方法将填补在很大程度上缺乏对有机-无机相互作用的微尺度解析分析的研究的一个根本空白。该项目的概念将标准化的有机地球化学(例如，GC-MS)和成像技术(有机岩相学、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜)与傅立叶变换离子回旋共振质谱仪(FT-ICR-MS)等最新的先进方法相结合，以阐明成矿过程中的有机NSO化合物。将应用更多的新方法，如扫描透射式X射线显微镜(STXM)和分子成像质谱仪(MALDI-MSI)，从而能够表征有机键的类型和分子的空间分布。

Organic matter (OM) is frequently associated with ore deposits, but is largely not considered as a co-genetic factor. Thus, new fundamental insights are required to elucidate the role of organic-inorganic interactions during the formation of ore deposits. It is the aim of this proposal to examine the impact of OM on the ore forming process in the “Kupferschiefer system”, which offers the potential to act as “analogue” also for a wider picture of stratiform base metal sulphide deposits using a multi-proxy approach based on cutting-edge analytical technologies. The “Kupferschiefer system” was economically important since the Middle Age. Today mining still exists in Poland whereas activities in Germany are mainly ceased. However, there are considerations about mining the Spremberg deposit (Brandenburg, Saxony) and currently drilling activities in Thuringia are in place again. A specific feature of the Kupferschiefer system in Germany and Poland is that it was largely not overprinted by elevated thermal stress, thus allowing organic geochemical and imaging analyses of the OM. It is this low thermal maturity (mainly early oil window) in southern Brandenburg, Saxony Anhalt and northwestern Bavaria which makes the Kupferschiefer a suitable natural laboratory and -via extrapolation- a potential analogue even for older systems with higher thermal maturities, for which the exploration, evaluation and exploitation efforts can be improved. The proposed multi-proxy approach will fill a fundamental gap in studies that largely lack microscale-resolved analyses of organic-inorganic interactions. The project concept combines standardized organic geochemical (e.g., GC-MS) and imaging techniques (organic petrography, SEM, TEM) with up-to-date advanced methods like Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) for the elucidation of organic NSO compounds for ore formation processes. Further new methodologies will be applied such as scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) and molecular imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI-MSI), that enable the characterization of organic bonding types and spatial molecular occurrence.