The Partnership in 'Education and Welfare' and the Neo-Corporatism in Britain

自1945年以来，在英国创建福利国家的努力中，真正成为主要工具的是地方当局，而不是中央政府。而且他们确实得到了福利和教育服务。因为地方自治传统上是建立在强大的地方基础上的，甚至国家的干预都是在地方自治的假设下发展起来的。也就是说，这种作风是地方政府和中央政府之间的行政问责共享。我们发现，地方政府从来不是中央权力机构的分支，而只是地方政府。这些都对地方当局提供的福利和教育服务的性质和水平产生了很大影响。因此，我们必须知道，地方多样性不仅来自地方自治(自治思想)，而且来自政策规划能力和行政能力的差异。至于合作投注…的问题在教育和福利之间有更多的区别，例如，从中学到综合学校的组织在很大程度上取决于地方当局的能力和政策观点。此外，在组织后的全面学校制度下，对辍学学生的照顾需求也得到了极大的发展，照顾的性质取决于学校服务和托儿服务的整合和管理效果的进行得如何。对于教育和福利领域种族民营化造成的破坏的征服，我们不能认为中央政府的干预等于对地方自治的挑战。我们需要研究自治和地方当局的能力(包括问责)之间的关系。然后，非常重要的一点是，在家长与学校和当局之间的关系领域中的企业主义组织取向，尽管这种取向不是战后制度下传统上建立的伙伴关系，而是一种新的伙伴关系。较少

It is the local authorities rather than the Central Government that has been really a prime vehicle in the drive to create the Welfare State since 1945 in Britain. And they has been really supplied both welfare and education services. Because the local autonomy has been traditionally established on the base of powerful locality, and even the intervention of state has been developed on the assumption of local autonomy. That is, the style was the share with administrative accountability between local authority and central government. We find that local authority is never the branch of central authority, but is just local Government. These make the strong effects on the nature and level of welfare and education services which is supplied by local authorities. Therefore we must know that local diversity has come not only from local autonomy ( autonomy ideologies) but also from the differences of policy planning abilities and administrative abilities. As for the problems of co-operation bet … More ween education and welfare, for example, the organization of secondary schools to comprehensive schools are very dependent on the abilities and policy perspectives of local authorities. Besides, under the comprehensive school system after organizing, the needs of caring for the dropouting pupils have been extremely developing, and the nature of the care depends on how successfully the integration and administrative effect between schooling service and child care service are proceeded. For the conquest of devastation caused by the race-oriented privatization in education and welfare, we must not think the intervention of central government is equal to the challenge for local autonomy. We need to study relations between the autonomy and the abilities (included accountability) of local authority. Then, it is very important point that is the corporatistic organizing orientation in the fields of relationship among parents and schools and authorities, though the orientation is not the traditionally established partnership under the post war system, but a new one. Less