Biochemical and Immunological Characterization of Tumors by Immunoscintigraphy

由于许多与肿瘤相关的单克隆抗体已被开发出来，因此免疫闪烁成像已被专门研究。许多因素参与抗体在肿瘤中的积累;特别是肿瘤的特征，例如其血管分布、抗原水平、产生抗原的位点和坏死的存在，影响注射抗体的定位。换句话说，注射抗体的生物分布反映了肿瘤的变异性和特异性。基于此，本研究拟通过对几种肿瘤的免疫闪烁显像，阐明肿瘤的生物化学和免疫学特性。本文还对放射免疫检测技术存在的问题及发展前景作了综述。在这些综述中，我们指出了影响抗体在肿瘤中定位的因素。在这里，我们注意到了两个因素。一个是循环抗原的作用，另一个是抗原表达的作用。使用肿瘤模型，其中包括人类， ...更多信息 肝癌、产生AFP的NuE和PLC细胞系在裸鼠中异种移植，以及I-125标记的抗AFP的单克隆抗体19 FI 2，获得以下结果。(1)内源性循环抗原使抗体在全身保留较长时间。单克隆抗体靶向肿瘤的能力不仅受到抗原存在量的影响，还受到抗原在血液中清除速度的影响。(2)用干扰素（IFN）α A处理NuE以IFN-α A剂量依赖性方式增加AFP的表面表达。IFN-α A处理显著增加了标记的19 FI 2在裸鼠体内生长的NuE上的定位。可以说，用于免疫闪烁显像的适当的肿瘤和单克隆抗体是内源性分泌很少抗原的肿瘤和识别存在于肿瘤细胞表面的抗原的抗体。生物反应调节剂如干扰素与抗体的共同给药是非常有希望的，这不仅是因为它们将改变生物分布，而且还因为它们可以减少由抗体注射引起的副作用。少

Immunoscintigraphy has been exclusively studied, since many monoclonal antibodies associated with tumors have been developed. Many factors are involved in the accumulation of antibody into the tumors; Especially characteristics of tumors, such as their vascularity, the antigen level, sites to produce antigens, and presence of necrosis, affect the localization of injected antibody. In other words, biodistributions of injected antibodies reflect the variabilities and specificities of tumors. Standing at this point, we have intended to clarify biochemical and immunological properties of tumor through immunoscintigraphies of several kinds of tumors. We also reviewed radioimmunodetection: its problems and future. In these reviews, we have pointed out factors which influenced the localization of antibodies into tumors. Two factors have been picked up here. One is the effect of circulating an tigen and the other is that of antigen expression. Using tumor models which consisted of the human he … More patocellular carcinoma, NuE and PLC cell lines producing AFP xenografted in nude mice, and I-125-labeled monoclonal antibody 19FI2 raised against AFP, following results were obtained.(1) Endogeneous circulating antigen retained the antibody in the whole body for a longer period. The ability of monoclonal antibodies to target tumors was influenced not only by how much antigen was present but also how rapid antigen was cleared in the blood. (2) Treatment of NuE with interferon (IFN) alphaA increased the surface expression of AFP in an IFN-alphaA dose dependent manner. The IFN-alphaA treatment substantially increased the localization of labeled 19FI2 to the NuE grown in athmic mice.It could be said that adequate tumors and monoclonal antibodies for immunoscintigraphy were tumors which excreate few antigen endogeneously, and antibodies that recognize antigen present in the surface of tumor cells. Co- administration of biological response modifiers, such as interferon, together with antibody is very promising not only since they would change the biodistribution but also since they might reduce the side effects caused by the injection of antibody. Less