The Influence of the Fear Induced Procedure on the Concentration of Brain Catecholamines.

在氯醛糖麻醉的猫中研究了刺激下丘脑（被认为控制情绪和行为模式，如恐惧）对三叉神经自主反射的影响。刺激的确切位置是下丘脑防御区，刺激该区域会引起攻击性反应，称为防御反应，如瞳孔放大、血压升高和心动过速。电刺激下牙槽神经，记录颈迷走神经和迷走神经心脏分支的反射放电。切断颈髓可完全阻断刺激下牙槽神经引起的迷走神经心脏分支放电，而切断颈迷走神经则不影响其放电。因此，在迷走神经的心脏分支中的三叉神经自主反射完全由交感神经放电组成（三叉神经交感反射），与从颈迷走神经记录的三叉神经迷走反射（三叉神经迷走反射）相反。结果表明：（1）重复刺激下丘脑防御区可抑制三叉神经-迷走神经反射;阈值低于诱导心血管变化的阈值。短串脉冲作用于下丘脑防御区可抑制三叉神经-迷走神经反射约200 ms，峰值在40 ms左右。提示下丘脑对三叉神经-迷走神经反射的作用是中枢性的，而不是心血管变化的继发性作用。2）三叉神经-交感神经反射对反复刺激下丘脑防御区的反应无明显变化，支持三叉神经-植物神经反射是中枢性的，以适应机体防御反应的需要。

Effects of stimulation of the hypothalamus that is thought to control emotional and behavioral patterns, eg fear, on the trigemino-autonomic reflex were studied in chloralose-anesthetized cats. The exact place of stimulation was the hypothalamic defense area, stimulation of which induced aggressive responses called defense reaction, such as mydriasis, increased blood pressure and tachycardia. The reflex discharges were recorded from the cervical vagel nerve, and the cardiac branch of the vagal nerve in response to electrical stimulation of the inferior alveolar nerve. The discharge in the cardiac branch of the vagal nerve evoked by the inferior alveolar nerve stimulation was completely abolished by transection of the cervical spinal cord, while it was not affected by section of the cervical vagal nerve. Thus the trigemino-autonomic reflex in the cardiac branch of the vagal nerve wholly consisted of the sympathetic nerve discharge (trigemino-sympathetic reflex), in contrast to that recorded form the cervical vagal nerve(trigemino-vagal reflex). The following results were obtained.1) The trigemino-vagal reflex was depressed by repetitive stimulation of the hypothalamic defense area. The threshold was below that for inducing cardiovascular changes. Short train pulse applied to the hypothalamic defense area suppressed the trigemino-vagal reflex for about 200ms with a peak at about 40ms. It is suggested that the hypothalamic effect on the trigemino-vagal reflex was centrally induced and not the secondary effect of cardiovascular changes.2) The trigemino-sympathetic reflex showed no definite changes in response to repetitive stimulation of the hypethalamic defense area.These results support the notion that the trigemino-autonomic reflex is centrally intergraded to suit the cardiovascular system to the needs of the organism in defense reaction.