Neural mechanisms of rhythm generation for mastication-analysis in an in vitro brain preparation from abult mammals

用于咀嚼分析的节律产生的神经机制在离体哺乳动物的体外大脑制备中

• 批准号: 09671887
• 负责人: KATAKURA Nobuo
• 金额: $ 2.24万
• 依托单位: Tokyo Medical and Dental University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1997 至 1998
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09671887/
• 关键词: mice; adult; in vitro; mastication; rhythm; brainstem-spinal cord preparation; glutamate; NMDA; digastric muscle

The recent development of in vitro CNS preparations of newborn mammals has provided important tools for physiological investigation of central rhythm generation of sucking as well as respiration and locomotion. The aim of this research was to induce masticatory movements in an in vitro brainstem-spinal cord preparation isolated together with the orofacial structure form adult mammals. The preparation was perfused intra-arterially with an artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF) containing dextran through a cannula fixed to the descending aorta, and was placed in a recording chamber perfused with the ACSF.EMG of the digastric muscle was monitored with wire electrodes. The following results were obtained : (1) repetitive electrical stimulation of the medullary pyramidal tract (MPT) induced rhythmic EMG activities in the digastric muscle ; (2) bath and intra-arterial application of kynurenic acid blocked the MPT-induced rhythmic EMG ectivities ; (3) bath and intra-arterial application of DL-2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid slowed the frequency and suppressed the amplitude of the MPT-induced rhythmic EMG activities. These result demonstrate that glutamate is involved in induction of the rhythmic MEG activities by stimulation of the MPT, and that excitatory effects via the NMDA receptor is no indispensable for its induction. This in vitro preparation will be useful for the investigation of neural mechanisms underlying the central rhythm generation of food ingestive movements.

近年来，新生哺乳动物中枢神经系统离体制备的发展为研究哺乳动物吸吮、呼吸和运动中枢节律的产生提供了重要的生理学工具。本研究的目的是诱导咀嚼运动在体外脑干脊髓制备分离连同口面结构的成年哺乳动物。通过固定在降主动脉上的套管将含有右旋糖酐的人工脑脊液（ACSF）动脉内灌注到制备物中，并放置于ACSF灌注的记录室中，用丝电极监测二腹肌的EMG。结果表明：（1）重复电刺激延髓锥体束（MPT）可引起二腹肌的节律性肌电图活动，（2）水浴和动脉内注入犬尿烯酸可阻断MPT引起的节律性肌电图活动;（3）水浴和动脉内应用DL-2-氨基-5-磷酸戊酸可减慢MPT的频率和抑制MPT的振幅。诱发节律性肌电活动。这些结果表明，谷氨酸参与了通过刺激MPT诱导的节律性MEG活动，并且通过NMDA受体的兴奋效应对于其诱导不是必不可少的。这在体外制备将是有用的食物摄食运动的中枢节律产生的神经机制的调查。

项目成果

Katakura, N. et al.: "Separate oscillators for NMDA-induced rhythmic V, VII and XII nerve activity along the neural axis in an in vitro brainstem preparation from newborn mice" Japanese Jouarnal of Physiology. 48 (Suppl. ). S153- (1998)

Katakura, N. 等人：“在新生小鼠体外脑干制剂中，NMDA 诱导的沿神经轴节律性 V、VII 和 XII 神经活动的独立振荡器”《日本生理学杂志》。

片倉伸郎: "摘出脳標における顎口腔運動のリズム形成" 歯基礎誌. 39(補). 78- (1997)

Nobuo Katakura：“孤立大脑目标中口颌运动的节律形成”《牙科杂志》39（增刊）。

Katakura,N.: "Separate oscillators for NMDA-induced rhythmic V,VII and XII nerve activity along the neural axis in an in vitro brainstem preparation from newborn mice." Jpn.J.Physiol.48(Suppl.). S153 (1998)

Katakura,N.：“在新生小鼠的体外脑干制剂中，NMDA 诱导的沿神经轴的节律性 V、VII 和 XII 神经活动的独立振荡器。”

Katakura,N.: "Location of the brainstem neurons related to NMDA-induced sucking-like activity in an isolated brainstem-spinal cord preparation from newborn rats." XXXIII International Congress of Physiological Sciences Abstracts. 239 (1997)

Katakura,N.：“在新生大鼠分离的脑干脊髓标本中，与 NMDA 诱导的吸吮样活动相关的脑干神经元的位置。”

Liu, J.: "Brainstem neurons involved in NMDA-induction of sucking-like activity in vitro." J.Dent.Res.76. 358 (1997)

Liu, J.：“脑干神经元参与 NMDA 诱导体外吸吮样活动。”