A Basic Study on Education and Culture of Minority Groups in Xinjiang in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China

本研究项目是为了调查新疆自治区少数民族的教育问题而开展的。人类学家（Maruyama、Narisue、Erdeny和Zhang）团队在乌鲁木齐、喀什和伊犁会见了维吾尔族、哈萨克族和锡伯族的父母和孩子。他们观察了这些少数民族如何通过民间舞蹈、歌曲和马术的形式来保持他们的传统民族文化。虽然政府保证他们使用和维护自己的语言，但传统的内婚制却一年比一年困难。视觉人类学方法对民俗文化的描述是非常有效的。比较教育团队（Gondo、Mochida、Fang和Li）对乌鲁木齐、喀什和伊犁的汉族、维吾尔族和哈萨克族初中生的数学能力进行了测试。他们发现汉族学生和少数民族学生之间存在很大的差距。他们将少数民族的不利结果解释为缺乏或缺乏教科书，合格的教师，不适当的家庭教育等因素。这种类型的实地研究迄今为止还很少有国外研究人员做过。我们可以进入的区域仅限于“开放区域”，但我们的合作伙伴新疆师范大学让我们有可能开展这个项目。

This research project was carried out in order to investigate the educational problems of Chinese minority groups in the Xinjiang Autonomous Region. The team of anthropologists (Maruyama, Narisue, Erdeny and Zhang) met Uygur, Kazaf and Xibe parents and children in Urumqi, Kashgar and Ili. They observed how these minority groups try to maintain their traditional ethnic cultures in the forms of folk dance, songs, and horsemanship. While they are guaranteed by the government to use and maintain their languages, traditional endogamy came to be difficult year by year. The visual anthropological method turned out to be very effective to describe the folk culture.The comparative education team (Gondo, Mochida, Fang and Li) examined the ability of mathematics among junior high school students with Han, Uygur and Kazaf nationalities in Urumqi, Kashgar and Ili. They found a big gap between Han students and minority students. They interpret the unfavorable results among the minority groups due to such factors as lack or shortage of textbooks, qualified teachers, inappropriate education at home.This type of field research has scarcely been done by foreign researchers so far. The areas we could get into were limited only in the "open areas" but our partners of Xinjiang Normal University made it possible for us to carry out this project.