Interlanguage

特定于目标语言的交际规范很难学习，因为它们通常不如语法规则那么突出。在请求和请求许可这样的互动中，沟通失败可能会导致严重的问题。通过对这一语言使用领域的母语规范和学习者中介语的比较，可以发现母语使用者所采取的策略与学习者所采取的策略是不同的。以英语为母语的人总是站在说话者的角度，当他们需要通过请求强加给社交距离较远的人时，他们会使用各种各样的限制语。将这些发现纳入目标语言的交际语法将有助于语言学习者。

Norms of communication specific to a target language are difficult to learn because often they are not as salient as syntactic rules. In such interactions as requesting and asking for permission, communication breakdown can lead to serious problems. A comparison of native norms and learners' interlanguage in this area of language use reveals that the strategies native speakers take are different from those of learners. Native speakers consistently take speaker perspective and use a variety of hedgings when they need to impose on someone socially distant by requesting. Incorporating such findings in communicative grammar of the target language will be of help to learners of the language.