Improvement of acid-soil stress factors considering of the secondary mineral composition.

（1）研究的酸性矿物土壤是分类的四个群体： （A）火山灰土壤（Chookai， Gassan） ;丰富的填充物、石膏和铁氧化物，高pH值（ca.）。（5）低等。Al，在CEC高于pH 5和较高的AEC在低pH但负的AEC在中性。（B）1 ： 1 type clay mineral acid soils（Matsune， Kinpou） ; rich。在金属细胞中，pH值为中等高（4.3），pH值为低（C）2 ： 1型粘土矿物酸土壤（Byakko， Bewa） ;通常为浅（浅），pH值为低（3.8）和极高（前）。铝，负AEC，但最高CEC（30立方厘米）。（D）酸硫酸盐土壤（Numanokura， Betto） ;预先含有smectite、高Ca·Mg· K和SO^2-相对较低的pH值（4.1），CEC和AEC对组（C）的相似趋势，但低CEC（20 - 25厘米）。（2）Lime application could 'not increase available P（Truog P）in all acid soils but Matsune。（3）用gypsum的application increase plant growth， .应用土壤应在芳香、石膏、Fe-和铝氧化物、高ZPC和低pH值的大AEC中丰富。在这样的土壤中，含有大量的钼、高岭土和illite，因此^2--应用的吉普赛和增加的pH值（H_2O）、减少的H_2O溶剂和ex。Al，并增加H_2O溶解度和ex。CA. a.相对而言，在组（C）中，吉普赛和去除pH值（H_2O）的大量应用，而且似乎增加了H_2O的溶剂铝;还有。Al没有改变，H_2O溶解度和ex。Ca增加了，铝毒性得到了发展，K的透明度在植物增长中受到了启发，并最终得到了消除。（4）在酸性土壤的范围内提取的最佳估计方法是用0.2M NH_4Cl ; bioassay方法， i. e.，酒精含量在糖的顶部，被推荐在酸性土壤中，包括有机土壤。

(1)The acid mineral soils studied were classified four groups : (A)Volcanic ash soils(Chookai, Gassan) ; rich in allophane, gibbsite and Fe-and Al-oxides, high pHo(ca. 5), low ex. Al, steeply increase of CEC above pH 5 and high AEC at low pH but negligible AEC at neutral. (B)1 : 1 type clay mineral acid soils(Matsune, Kinpou) ; rich. in metahalloysite, intermediate pHo(4.3)and moderately high AEC at low pH. (C)2 : 1 type-clay mineral acid soils(Byakko, bewa) ; predominantly of smectite, low pH6(3.8)and extremely high ex. Al, negligible AEC but the highest CEC(30 cmol). (D)Acid sulfate soils(Numanokura, Betto) ; predominantly of smectite, contained high Ca・Mg・ K and SO^2-_ relatively low pHo(4.1), similar tendency of CEC and AEC to the group(C)soils but lower CEC(20 - 25 cmol).(2)Lime application could 'not increase available P(Truog P)in all acid soils but Matsune.(3)To increase plant growth by the application of gypsum, . : applied soils should be rich in allophane, gibbsite, Fe- and Al- oxides, high ZPC, and large AEC at low pH. In such soils, though containing vermiculite, kaolinite and illite, so^2-_ in applied gypsum increased pH(H_2O), decreased H_2O soluble and ex. Al, and increased H_2O soluble and ex. Ca. On the contrary, in the group(C)soils a heavy application of gypsum decreased pH(H_2O), and considerably increased H_2O soluble Al ; although ex. Al did not change and H_2O soluble and ex. Ca increased, Al toxicity was developed and K deficiency was induced and finally decreased in plant growth.(4)The best estimation method of phytotoxic Al in a range of acid soils was the extraction with 0.2M NH_4Cl ; bioassay method, i. e., Al content in the top of sugar beet, was recommended in the case of acid soils including organic soils.