MAKING OF ACID SOIL-TOLERANT PLNTS BY MOLECULAR MODIFICATIONS OF ALUMINUM TOLERANCE AND PHOSPHORUS RECYCLING CAPABILITY

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Aluminum (Al) ion inhibits sugar uptake which leads to the inhibition of water uptake as well as cell elongation. Inhibition of sugar uptake by Al seems to be compensated by the stimulation of translocation of photosynthates. Novel strategy for Al tolerance differing from the known strategy based on the release of organic acid anions was found. Higher sterols in plasma membrane lipid layer of root-tip were demonstrated to be the cause of Al tolerance. Genomic and genetic approaches in Arabidopsis revealed that acid and Al tolerances were co-regulated by the same signal transduction pathway, but with the distinct functional genes for tolerance. Comparative microarray analysis showed that common alterations involved in the metabolisms of sugars and lipids contributed to P recycling. It was suggested that responses in flavonoids synthesis were specific in leguminous plants.