Studies on Atmosphere-Cryosphere Interation and the Variation in the Arctic Region

本研究的目的是：(1)研究大气物质（如气溶胶颗粒和稀有气体成分）对地表雪层的各种封闭机制；(2)揭示影响上述封闭过程的气象特征；(3)通过考虑雪沉积、变质作用和地表融雪，了解这些物质在冰川和冰盖的冰/层中的“沉积”过程。钻取了两个雪/冰岩芯；一个来自格陵兰中部的Summit，位于干雪相，另一个来自斯匹次卑尔根西北部的Brogger冰川冰帽，位于渗透/浸泡相。对这两个岩心进行了化学分析和固体颗粒测量，进行了多参数和相互关系研究。对斯匹次卑尔根岛西海岸Krone冰川的雪沉积特征和变质过程进行了常年观测。对年度雪层进行了主要的离子和同位素分析，以了解年内化学浓度的变化。通过考虑夏季冰川表面营养物的分布，研究了包括藻类生产在内的低生物量活动。结果表明，生物质源物质浓度是气候/环境条件的潜在指标。详细的分析还在继续。

The objectives of this study are (1) to examine various enclosure mechanisms of atmospheric substances such as aerosol particles and rare gas components from air into surface snow layers, (2) to disclose the meteorological characteristics affecting the above enclosure processes, and (3) to understand the " sedimentation" processes of these substances in firn/ice layers of glaciers and ice sheets by taking snow depositions, metamorphic modifications and surface snow melting into considerations.Two snow/ice cores were augered ; one from Summit, Central Greenland which locates in dry snow facies, and the other from Brogger glacier ice cap, Northwest Spitsbergen which locates in percolation/soaked facies. Chemical analyses and solid particle measurements were conducted on these two cores for multiparameter and cross-correlation investigations. Snow depositional characteristics and the metamorphic processes were observed at Krone glacier near west coast of Spitsbergen Island throughout the year. Major ionic and isotope analyses were made on annual snow layers for chemical concentration changes during the year.The lower biomass activities including algae production were studied by considering the nutriments distribution at the surface of the glacier during summer period. The results show that concentrations of biomass-origin substances are potential indicators of climatic/environmental conditions. The detailed analyses are continued.