Analysis of Head Injuries using Finite Element Method and Its Application to Medico-legal Testimony

1)人脑和颅骨的有限元模型。为了研究人脑和颅骨在受到冲击力时各点的变形和剪切应变分布，我们利用有限元方法建立了人脑和颅骨的计算机模拟模型。2)撞击、跌落和摔倒致头部损伤的研究。在击打中，头部的外侧区域经常受到冲击，跌倒时进行后侧区域手术，几乎所有跌倒病例都进行后侧区域手术。撞击头部外侧区域时，撞击损伤发生率为88.9%，碰撞损伤发生率为80.0%，碰撞损伤发生率为80.0%，碰撞损伤几乎全部为头部外侧损伤。在正面撞击中，所有的撞击病例中都只有政变病变，72.7%的跌倒病例中只有政变病变，尤其是27.3%的枕叶中发现了挫伤病变。在所有的撞击中，碰撞损伤更频繁、更严重；在所有的跌倒中，碰撞损伤占93.3%，而在几乎所有的跌倒中，只有碰撞损伤。在击打和跌倒时多见凹陷性或粉碎性骨折，在跌倒时多见线状骨折。

1)Finite Element Model of a Human Brain and Skull.To investigate the deformations and shear strain distributions at the each point of the brain and skull in the human head which incurred an impact force, we made up a computer simulation model of the human brain and skull using the Finite Element Method.2)Studies on Head Injuries in the Fatal Cases by Blow, Fall and Fall Down.In blows a lateral region of the head was frequently impacted, a posterior region was done in falls and a posterior region was done in the almost all cases of falls down. With the impact to the lateral region of the head, the coup lesions were more frequent and more severe than the contrecoup lesions in 88.9% of all cases in blows, the contrecoup lesions were in 80.0% in falls and there were merely the contrecoup lesions in almost all cases of the fall down. With frontal impacts, there were merely the coup lesions in all cases of the blow and there were merely the coup lesions in 72.7% in falls, especially in 27.3% the contrecoup lesions were found in the occipital lobes. With posterior impacts, the coup lesions were more frequent and more severe in all cases of the blow, the contrecoup lesions were in 93.3% of all cases in falls and there were merely the contrecoup lesions in almost all cases of the fall down. Depressed or comminuted fractures were often observed in blows and falls, and linear fractures were in falls down.