STUDY OF MEDIEVAL SOCIAL HISTORY IN HOKURIKU FROM ARCHAEOLOGICAL POINT OF VIEW

社会被说成是生产出来的，具有复杂属性的有机关系。每一个看似独立，但潜在的相互关系揭示了社会的本质。因此，为了分析社会历史，就考古材料而言，我们所要做的不仅是具体地研究各种流通或生产系统，如城市、城镇、村庄、城堡、宗教场所和坟墓，而且还要研究各种物品。此外，要重新审视一个中世纪社会，就不可避免地要进行古代与现代的比较研究。因此，为了使我们的报告取得成果，除了我们的项目调查人员外，我们还邀请了许多合作工作者，如在北栗地区实际工作的考古学家和研究考古勘探方法的考古学家，这本书的特点是不仅要确定个别现象，而且要重建北栗地区的中世纪社会历史。特别是生产与流通、聚落、宗教场所这三个迄今为止一直被单独研究的部分，我们试图综合起来，使“古”“史”，即所谓的“踏脚石”。我们认为，这本书不仅是研究北陆地区历史的基础资料，而且也是我们追溯东亚日本中世纪社会的本质特征的基础资料。迄今为止，我们已经完成了诸如中世纪器皿年表、中世纪城镇等个别描述，但目前正处于通过一般分析重建社会结构的过程中。在文献史、民族学等邻近领域，社会史也有研究，但它们往往局限于部落史。从这个意义上说，我们期待这本书今后对日本的各种研究有很大的用处。

Society is said to be produced, having an organic relationship with complicated attributes. Each one seems to be independent, however a potential mutual relationship there reveals the essence of the society. Therefore, in order to analyze the social history, so far as archaeological materials are concerned, all we have to do is study concretely not only various kinds of circulation or production system such as a city, a town, a village.a castle, a religious site, and a tomb, but also various kinds of objects. On top of that, to reconsider an medieval society, a comparative study of it between ancient and modern age would be inevitable. In due conrse, since we tried tomake our report fruitful, other than investigators in our project, we asked many co-operative workers such as an archaeologist who works practically on sites in HOKURIKU district, and geophisists who have studied archaelogical prospecting methods.The characteristic of this book is not only to make sure the individual phenomena but also to reconstruct the medieval social history in HOKURIKU district. Especially three parts such as production and circulation, settlements, and religious sites which have been studied individually so far, do we try to synthesize, in order to make "antiquity" "History", so called "step stone". We think this book is the foundemental materials not only for the benefit of historical study in HOKURIKU district, but also for the essential trait which enables us to trace Japanese medieval society in east Asia.Individual description such as the chronology of medieval ware, and medieval towns have been done so far, however at the moment we are at the gate of procedure of reconstructing social structure with general analysis. In the neighboring field such as documentary history or ethnology, social history has been studied, however they are usually limiting the history of tribe. In this sense, we expect this book is of much use from now on to the various kinds of studies in Japan.